【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 and peripherals onto a single chip , TMS320 devices reduce system costs and save circuit board space. The 16bit ,fixedpoint DSP core of the ?C24x devices provides analog designers a digital solution that does not sacrifice the precision and performance of their system performance can be enhanced through the use of advanced control algorithms for techniques such as adaptive control , Kalman filtering , and state control. The ?C24x DSP controller offer reliability and programmability . Analog control systems, on the other hand ,are hardwired solutions and can experience performance degradation due to aging , ponent tolerance, and drift. The highspeed central processing unit (CPU) allows the digital designer to process algorithms in real time rather than approximate results with lookup tables. The instruction set of these DSP controllers, which incorporates both signal processing instructions and generalpurpose control functions, coupled with the extensive development time and provides the same ease of use as traditional 8and 16bit microcontrollers. The instruction set also allows you to retain your software investment when moving from other generalpurpose?C2xx generation ,source code patible with the?C2x generation , and upwardly source code patible with the ?C5x generation of DSPs from Texas Instruments. The ?C24x architecture is also wellsuited for processing control signals. It uses a 16bit word length along with 32bit registers for storing intermediate results, and has two hardware shifters available to scale numbers independently of the CPU . This bination minimizes quantization and truncation errors, and increases p2ocessing power for additional functions. Such functions might include a notch filter that could cancel mechanical resonances in a system or an estimation technique that could eliminate state sensors in a system. The ?C24xDSP controllers take advantage of an set of peripheral functions that allow Texas Instruments to quickly configure various series members for different price/ performance points or for application optimization. This library of both digital and mixedsignal peripherals includes: Timers Serial munications ports (SCI,SPI) Analogtodigital converters(ADC) Event manager System protection, such as lowvoltage and watchdog timer The DSP controller peripheral library is continually growing and changing to suit the of tomorrow?s embedded control marketplace. The TMS320F/C240 is the first standard device introduced in the ?24x series of DSP controllers. It sets the standard for a singlechip digital motor controller. The ?240 can execute 20 MIPS. Almost all instructions are executed in a simple cycle of 50 ns . This high performance allows realtime execution of very ple8 control algorithms, such as adaptive control and Kalman filters. Very high sampling rates can also be used to minimize loop delays. The ? 240 has the architectural features necessary for highspeed signal processing and digital control functions, and it has the peripherals needed to provide a singlechip solution for motor control applications. The ?240 is manufactured using submicron CMOS technology, achieving a log power dissipation rating . Also included are several powerdown modes for further power savings. Some applications that benefit from the advanced processing power of the ?240 include: Industrial motor drives Power inverters and controllers Automotive systems, such as electronic power steering , antilock brakes, and climate control Appliance and HVAC blower/ pressor motor controls Printers, copiers, and other office products Tape drives, magic optical drives, and other mass storage products Robotic and CNC milling machines To function as a system manager, a DSP must have robust onchip I/O and other peripherals. The event manager of the ?240 is unlike any other available on a DSP . This applicationoptimized peripheral unit , coupled with the high performance DSP core, enables the use of advanced control techniques for highprecision and highefficiency full variablespeed control of all motor types. Include in the event manager are special pulsewidth modulation (PWM) generation functions, such as a programmable deadband function and a space vector PWM state machine for 3phase motors that provides stateoftheart maximum efficiency in the switching of power transistors. There independent up down timers, each with it?s own pare register, support the generation of asymmetric (noncentered) as well as symmetric (centered) PWM waveforms. OpenLoop and ClosedLoop Control Openloop Control Systems The word automatic implies that there is a certain amount of sophistication in the control system. By automatic, it generally means That the system is usually capable of adapting to a variety of operating conditions and is able to re