【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 A 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。氣候變暖導(dǎo)致海冰融化，北極熊登陸，為阿拉斯加的一個(gè)小村莊帶來(lái)了巨大的人氣，促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)發(fā)展，當(dāng)?shù)厝擞钟寐糜螛I(yè)的收入為北極熊提供積極的保護(hù)。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The far north munity lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(棲息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.( 北極熊群落位于一個(gè)溫度越來(lái)越高的地區(qū)，這加速了海冰的移動(dòng)，而海冰是北極熊的主要棲息地。隨著冰逐漸移動(dòng)到大陸架以外的深水區(qū)，更多的熊留在陸地上尋找食物。)”可知，全球變暖加速了海冰融化，破壞了北極熊原本的棲息地，越來(lái)越多的北極熊待在陸地上以尋找食物。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. ”(更多的熊似乎待在陸地上，研究人員開(kāi)始注意到更多的雌熊在陸地上的雪地里而不是在冰上安家來(lái)?yè)狃B(yǎng)它們的孩子。)和“As more attention was given to the plight (困境)of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.( 大約十年前，人們對(duì)北極熊的困境給予了更多的關(guān)注，更多的游客開(kāi)始前往Kaktovik。)”可知，隨著越來(lái)越多的北極熊出現(xiàn)在陸地上，研究人員、生物學(xué)家等也越來(lái)越多地關(guān)注北極熊所處的這一困境，隨后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大眾對(duì)更多北極熊登陸現(xiàn)象表示關(guān)注。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Most tourists visit in the fall(大多數(shù)游客在秋天參觀)”及“Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels.( 許多游客會(huì)在村里呆上幾天，村里有兩家小旅館。)”可知，大多數(shù)游客會(huì)選擇在秋季去Kaktovik游覽，而且很多游客會(huì)在這個(gè)小村莊待上幾天，而這個(gè)小村莊只有兩個(gè)小旅館，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅館很搶手。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀文章可知，并根據(jù)第一段“A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent year39。s as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.( 近年來(lái)，由于北極熊待在陸地上的時(shí)間比待在北極海冰上的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)，阿拉斯加的一個(gè)小村莊迎來(lái)了一波旅游業(yè)熱潮。)和第二段描述可知，因?yàn)槿驓夂蜃兣?，北極熊被迫登陸來(lái)尋找食物以生存下去，這本來(lái)是北極熊的困境，然而北極熊登陸卻促進(jìn)了一個(gè)小村莊旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展，這對(duì)小村莊來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)機(jī)遇。再結(jié)合最后一段的“The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.”(村名們從旅游業(yè)中受益匪淺。反過(guò)來(lái)，他們用旅游業(yè)得來(lái)的財(cái)政支持為北極熊提供更有效的保護(hù))可推知，D項(xiàng)Every coin has two sides. “事物都有兩面性”可以描述本文講述的情況 。故選D。DThere was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie “The Terminator”. However, the game “Taa” takes a different approach. It assumes that there will be numerous AGI (artificial general intelligence) in the world and that any AGI, even a safely designed one, in the wrong hands at the wrong time could cause live171。 to be lost. That39。s the future that a growing number of AI safety experts are worried about.This is not a new idea. In the book “Engineering a Safer World,” MIT professor Nancy G. Leveson addresses mon misunderstandings about safetycritical systems engineering: engineering systems whose failure could lead to human loss. Such safetycritical technologies include aviation, nuclear power, automobiles, heavy chemicals, biotechnology, and, of course, AGI.So what can be done?Technology isn’t always the solution. A famous example is the invention of sonic radars (聲波雷達(dá)) that were supposed to help ships detect nearby obstacles, but which only increased the rate of accidents. Why? Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.Instead of technologies, Leveson39。s book suggests, we should be making organizational changes. Additionally, Leveson suggests, among many plicated guidelines, organizations should be aware that safety guidelines will inevitably bee lax over time. As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety? The answer may lie in recent disaster narratives (敘述), which remind us that, especially in limes like this, we shouldn39。t forget the potential for other disasters. Public conscience really does matter. And if we39。re all better at thinking about safety we citizens, maybe we really can prevent disasters.12. Why does the author mentioned “The Terminator” in the first paragraph?A. To arouse readers39。 interest in The Terminator.B To introduce the topic of concern with AI safely.C. To mention the similarity between “The Terminator” and “Taa”.D. To make readers recall the evil super intelligence reflected in the movie.13. Why did the rate of ship accidents still increase after the invention of sonic radars?A. Because captains seldom used them.B. Because the radars failed to work properly.C. Because captains depended on them too much.D. Because the ships couldn39。t detect nearby obstacles.14. What does the underlined word “l(fā)ax” in paragraph 5 refer to?A. Safe. B. Important.C. Unreliable. D. Unnecessary.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Disaster prevention Lessons from AI.B. Safety problems in modern society.C. Engineering development in modern days.D. Future applications of artificial intelligence.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了人們對(duì)人工智能安全的擔(dān)憂，作者提出如果公民都能更好地考慮安全問(wèn)題，也許我們真的可以預(yù)防災(zāi)難的想法?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“There was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie “The Terminator”.”（曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，人們對(duì)人工智能安全的主要擔(dān)憂是電影《終結(jié)者》中那個(gè)邪惡的超級(jí)智能。）可推斷，作者提及《終結(jié)者》是為了介紹本文對(duì)人工智能安全的擔(dān)憂的主題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.”（船長(zhǎng)們航行得更快了，他們認(rèn)為多虧了新的安全技術(shù)，他們可以僥幸逃脫。）可見(jiàn)，是因?yàn)樗麄冞^(guò)于依賴新技術(shù)使得事故發(fā)生更多。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段“As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.”（因此，應(yīng)該采取措施來(lái)預(yù)防潛在的災(zāi)害。）可猜測(cè)，隨著時(shí)間的推移，安全指南也不再安全，所以lax意為“不可靠的”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety?”（我們可以從對(duì)人工智能安全的關(guān)注中汲取什么教訓(xùn)?）及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述我們?nèi)祟愒谌斯ぶ悄馨踩蝎@得的教訓(xùn)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；，）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Music makes you more , they e up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow. But don’t play music too loudly.Music can help during surgery. ____17____. After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that l