【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 原來(lái)連在一起或靠近的東西分隔開(kāi)來(lái), 常與from搭配　【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)There are deep divisions(division) in the party over the war. (2)The ideal division(divide) of labor in the puter age is very clear: The puter should do the work, and the person should do the thinking. (3)We can also divide the screen into quarters, sixths, and so on. (4)England is separated from France by the English Channel. 10. urge n. 強(qiáng)烈的欲望。 沖動(dòng) vt. 催促。 力勸。 大力推薦*It is all very well to urge people to give more to charity when they have less, but is it really fair? 這樣好倒是好, 當(dāng)他們自己卻沒(méi)那么多東西的時(shí)候, 卻敦促人們給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐更多東西, 這真的公平嗎? *Looking at all the accusing faces, she felt a sudden urge to run away. 看著一張張臉上那責(zé)備的神情, 她突然想趕快溜走。*The authorities urged that every citizen focus attention on the security of food in the early spring. 在早春的時(shí)候, 政府敦促每個(gè)市民關(guān)注食品安全。(1)urge sb. to do sth. 　　　催促某人做某事urge/it is urged that. . . (should) do sth. 極力主張……做某事(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事(3)urgent adj. 緊急的。 迫切的urgency n. 緊急。 催促　【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)Our teacher urges us to study (study) hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near. (2)I have an urge to help people out when they’re in trouble. (3)I make an urgent (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation. (4)There happens to be a particular urgency(urgent) in this case, and it would help if you could bend the rules. 11. random adj. 隨機(jī)的。 不可思議的*She opened the book at random and started reading. 她隨意翻到一頁(yè)就看了起來(lái)。*The information is processed in a random order. 信息是按隨機(jī)順序處理的。*We based our analysis on a random sample of more than 200 males. 我們隨機(jī)抽取了200多名男性作為樣本進(jìn)行了分析。(1)at random　　　　　　胡亂地。 隨便地。 任意地random sample/ selection 隨機(jī)抽樣。 隨意采樣(2)randomly adv. 隨便地, 任意地。 無(wú)目的地, 胡亂地(3)randomness n. 隨意。 無(wú)安排。 不可測(cè)性　【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)He read a great deal, but at random for pleasure. (2)These temples are scattered randomly (random)over the mountain. (3)Einstein declared that randomness (random) rather than lawfulness is the characteristic of natural events. 12. It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. 就是在今天十點(diǎn)鐘, 第一臺(tái)時(shí)間機(jī)器開(kāi)始了它的工作?！揪涫浇鈽?gòu)】強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu): It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+ that/ who(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+ 其他部分。注意: 1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中去掉it is和that之后, 句子仍然成立。2. 被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分不管是人還是物, 單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù), be動(dòng)詞一律用is/was。3. 被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為主語(yǔ)時(shí), 仍然保持主格形式。*It was from him, his chemistry teacher, that Paul learned to watch carefully in class. 正是他, 他的化學(xué)老師, 讓保羅學(xué)會(huì)了在課堂上認(rèn)真觀察。*It was because of the heavy rain that he came late. 因?yàn)橄麓笥晁艁?lái)晚的。*Was it last year that the building was pleted? 這座大樓是去年建成的嗎? 　【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)Why was it that you were late for the meeting yesterday? (2)It is not only blind men who/that make such stupid mistakes. (3)It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 【要點(diǎn)拾遺】1. on a. . . basis 根據(jù)。 以……的方式(基準(zhǔn))*A good parentchildren relationship should be set up on the basis of mutual understanding and respect. 良好的親子關(guān)系應(yīng)該建立在相互理解和尊重的基礎(chǔ)上。*Some videos have been banned on the basis that they are too violent. 有些錄像帶因暴力鏡頭過(guò)多而被查禁。*The theory seems to have no basis in fact. 這一理論似乎沒(méi)有事實(shí)根據(jù)。on the basis of 　　　　　　　根據(jù)。 基于……on the basis that 基于on a daily/daytoday/weekly/ regular basis 按每天╱每日╱每周一次/定期的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) form the basis for 為……打基礎(chǔ)。 構(gòu)成……的基礎(chǔ)【易混辨析】basis n. 基礎(chǔ)。 根據(jù)多指無(wú)形或抽象的事物base n. /v. 基礎(chǔ)。 基地多指有形或物質(zhì)的東西foundation n. 基礎(chǔ)。 基地意義較具體, 常指基礎(chǔ)或地基　【即學(xué)活用】選詞填空(basis, base, foundation)(1)Our mission was over, and went back to our base. (2)His research formed the basis of his new book. (3)He laid the foundation of his success by study and hard work. 2. fall away (逐漸)減少。 消失*If you take this medicine, all your pains and aches will fall away. 你服下這個(gè)藥, 一切疼痛就會(huì)消失。*The houses fell away as we left the city. 隨著我們離城市越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn), 房屋也逐漸在視線中消失了。*You will fall in love with life because you are no longer tied down by your insecurities, fears and negative beliefs. 你將愛(ài)上生活, 因?yàn)槟悴辉俦荒愕牟话?、害怕、消極的信念所牽制。*It is easy to fall into the habit of getting up late in the morning. 很容易養(yǎng)成早晨晚起床的習(xí)慣。fall ill　　　　　　　　　　生病fall asleep 睡著。 入睡fall behind 落在后面fall down 倒下。 跌倒。 倒塌fall off 下降。 跌落fall over 跌倒fall in love with. . . 愛(ài)上……fall into the habit of. . . 形成……習(xí)慣　【即學(xué)活用】(1)語(yǔ)法填空①He always falls behind when we climb mountain. ②Don’t put that glass on the edge of the table。 it might fall off. ③I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall over. ④The pupils of the class fall into four groups. (2)I am very healthy, and I almost do not fall ill. 我很健康, 幾乎沒(méi)有生病。(3)Some people fall asleep easily, but then wake up time after time. 有些人很容易睡著, 但是會(huì)醒很多次。3. explode vi. amp。vt. 爆炸。 爆破*They were clearing up when the second bomb exploded. 他們?cè)谇謇頃r(shí)第二顆炸彈爆炸了。*The population explodes to 40, 000 during the tourist season. 旅游季節(jié)人數(shù)暴漲至4萬(wàn)。*There was a huge bang as if someone had exploded a rocket outside. 突然一聲巨響, 仿佛有人在外面引爆了火箭似的。*Columbus helped to explode the theory that the earth was flat. 哥倫布幫助推翻了地球是平的理論。(1)explode sth. 　　　　　　使……爆炸。 推翻explode sth. into 突然做起……來(lái)。 突然活躍起來(lái)(2)explosion n. 爆炸。 爆發(fā)。 激增bomb/nuclear/gas explosion 炸彈╱核╱氣體爆炸【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)The boss exploded (explode)with anger when he saw the sales report. (2)He only felt the dull pain exploding(explode) in his skull. (3)An underground organization has claimed responsibility for the bomb explosion(explode). 4. The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day. 太陽(yáng)和月亮看起來(lái)像是被拋在天空中, 但很快就出現(xiàn)了白天和黑夜的分界線。【句式解構(gòu)】進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 譯為: 正在被……。 (1)表示某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。如: She is being examined by the doctor now. 她現(xiàn)在正在接受醫(yī)生的檢查。(此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生)(2)表示某階段正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。如: A new factory is being built. 一座新工廠正在建造中。(3)少數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要承受某個(gè)動(dòng)作。如: A party is being held tonight. 今晚將要舉辦一場(chǎng)晚會(huì)。*Bill is being taken to another hospital by an ambulance. 比爾正被救護(hù)車送往另一家醫(yī)院。*A novel is being written by this famous writer. 這位著名作家正在寫一部小說(shuō)。*A medical group is being sent to the flooded area tomorrow. 明天將派一個(gè)醫(yī)療隊(duì)去受災(zāi)地區(qū)?！　炯?