【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 Graduates Would Take a Pay Cut to Make a Difference【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了通過工作能有一個(gè)積極的社會(huì)影響對(duì)年輕人的幸福至關(guān)重要。 （1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“Besides this, the survey found that female students are far more likely to put social influence in first place than their male classmates，”除此之外，調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)女生比男生更有可能把社會(huì)影響放在第一位；以及“the results of a former study showing that female maths and science majors are more likely to say they go into those fields to make a difference.”以前的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果顯示，女性數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生更有可能說她們進(jìn)入這些領(lǐng)域是為了有所作為?？梢酝茢喑鰞身?xiàng)調(diào)查的結(jié)果是一致的。都說明了女性更愿意在工作中做出影響。故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“One reason for the emphasis (強(qiáng)調(diào)) on improving the world probably has to do with the culture of colleges, which encourages students to connect their studies back to realworld problems.”強(qiáng)調(diào)改善世界的一個(gè)原因可能與大學(xué)文化有關(guān)，大學(xué)文化鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生將他們的學(xué)習(xí)與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問題聯(lián)系起來。故選C。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“The survey found that 72 percent of graduating college seniors believe being able to have a positive social influence through their work is essential to their happiness.”調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，72% 的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生認(rèn)為通過工作產(chǎn)生積極的社會(huì)影響對(duì)他們的幸福至關(guān)重要?？梢缘贸鼋Y(jié)論：多數(shù)的畢業(yè)生都認(rèn)可工作產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)影響對(duì)他們而言是重要的。故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。通過第一段的調(diào)查結(jié)論得出：對(duì)年輕人的幸福，通過工作改變世界是至關(guān)重要的。所以，文章主要闡述年輕人的幸福取決于在工作中改變世界（make a difference）,結(jié)合第二段中的“Making a difference is so important to them that 45 percent say they would take a 15percent pay cut to work at an organization that has a social or environmental influence, and 58 percent say they would take a pay cut to work for an organization whose values are the same as their own.”對(duì)他們來說，做出改變是如此重要，以至于45% 的人說他們?cè)敢饨邮?5% 的減薪去一個(gè)對(duì)社會(huì)或環(huán)境有影響的組織工作，58% 的人說他們?cè)敢饨邮軠p薪去一個(gè)與他們價(jià)值觀相同的組織工作?？梢钥闯? 減薪是make a difference的重要性。綜上所述，選項(xiàng)D：Many Graduates Would Take a Pay Cut to Make a Difference和文章的主旨是一致的。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 When it es to learning a foreign language, many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough vocabulary. But this question never happens about their mother tongue, and yet, it was a foreign language once. However, among all the questions that new parents ask, no doctor has ever heard: Will my baby be able to learn my language? Be honest, do you know all the words of your mother tongue? The answer is: no. New words, and new ways of using old words, appear every day. Twenty years ago, who could have been able to understand a sentence like this: Click here to download your digital book.? Nobody. You never stop learning new vocabulary and you never know how long you will need it. Sometimes, you have the word on the tip of your tongue...and it sticks there! But you do know this phenomenon(現(xiàn)象) and don39。t think that it is because of a bad memory. You should not give this phenomenon more importance in the language you are learning than in your mother tongue. You need to learn only 2000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need. You can39。t avoid some work in order to learn these necessary words and all the more if you want to learn quickly. And before you consider buying into any method, be sure it is right for you. It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics(記憶群). The first few words seem very easy to learn, so you buy the course, but then you discover quickly, though too late, that a dozen words later, it is all the more difficult to learn a new word when you have also to learn the trick to memorize it.（1）From the first paragraph, we can infer that ______. A.there is no need to know all the words of a foreign languageB.it is honest to answer no to a question you don39。t knowC.a baby can know all the new words of its mother tongueD.people find it hard to memorize vocabulary of their language（2）To learn a foreign language, the author advises you ______. remember new words appearing every day keep up with new ways of using old words learn at least 2,000 necessary words pay more attention to your bad memory（3）The author39。s attitude to mnemonics is________. （4）The passage is mainly about ______. old words in a new way new words from the context a method to memorize vocabulary vocabulary of a foreign language【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，很多學(xué)習(xí)外語的人都有一個(gè)困惑是否要記憶足夠多的單詞，作者的回答是不，文章告訴人們應(yīng)該掌握多少個(gè)基本單詞，且不能為了學(xué)習(xí)這些必要的單詞而逃避一些工作，以及依靠任何基于助記法的方法都是不明智的。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“To be honest，do you know all the words of your mother tongue？The answer is‘No’．“說實(shí)話，你知道你母語的所有單詞嗎?答案是:不?？芍?，一個(gè)人既然連自己的母語的詞匯都不可能全部認(rèn)識(shí)，那么在學(xué)習(xí)外語時(shí)，也就沒有必要記住所有的詞匯。故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“You need to learn only 2，000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need.”你只需要學(xué)習(xí)2000個(gè)左右的基本單詞就能創(chuàng)造出任何你需要的短語?？芍獮榱藢W(xué)習(xí)一門外語，作者建議你至少學(xué)習(xí)2000個(gè)必要的單詞。故選C。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics.”依靠任何基于記憶術(shù)的方法都是不明智的。可知作者對(duì)記憶術(shù)的態(tài)度是反對(duì)的。故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“When it es to learning a foreign language, many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough vocabulary.”當(dāng)談到學(xué)習(xí)一門外語時(shí)，許多人想知道他們是否能記住足夠的詞匯。以及文章主要內(nèi)容圍繞學(xué)習(xí)外語時(shí)的詞匯量問題，所以短文主要是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)一門外語的詞匯量。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解 Children should do housework. That39。s a controversial idea, though not everyone will admit it. A few parents will declare that their children are too busy for housework. Many more of us assign housework, or say we believe in them, but the housework just doesn39。t get done. That39。s a problem. For starters, housework is good for kids. Being a part of the routine work of running a household helps children develop an awareness of the needs of others, while at the same time contributing to their emotional wellbeing. One small study, done over a period of 25 years, found that the best predictor for young adults success in their mid20s was whether they participated in household tasks at age 3 or 4. Those early shared responsibilities extended to a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives. But for all that their help matters, few kids are doing much around the house at all. In a survey of 1, 000 American adults, 75 percent said they belie