【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 斷、猜測詞義、細(xì)節(jié)理解、主旨大意題。閱讀時要注意作者說明事物采用的是什么方式。例如：舉例、分類還是對比。無論采用什么方法，作者都是為了說明事物的本質(zhì)特征，清晰地展現(xiàn)說明的事物。理清了脈絡(luò)，就能理解文章，抓住原文中的信息點，并且和選項進行同意轉(zhuǎn)換。4．閱讀理解 On the banks of Tanzania39。s Lake Eyasi lives the world39。s last huntergatherer tribe (部落) — the Hadza. They don39。t grow food, raise animals or build houses. Instead they live a life unchanged for more than ten thousand years. Their world is one of plete freedom — something modern society can barely imagine and is unlikely to ever experience, let alone have the skills to stay alive. Text messages and phone calls don39。t exist. Nor do cars and electricity. No jobs, timetables, and social structures. No laws, taxes and unbelievably, no money — the closest thing to currency (交易) is the trade for a pair of shorts with a neighboring tribe. We spent our time with the Hadza hunting baboons (狒狒), a daily activity for the men. Their land is packed with sharp bushes, poisonous snakes and maneating lions. But a successful hunting trip is the difference between eating or going hungry. The Hadza diet consists mainly of honey, fruit and meat. Men often hunt in pairs to shoot animals with bows and arrows. The Hadza show us how to track animals, from baboons to snakes to lions. They are hugely skilled with their handmade bows and arrows — we have a go and barely get the arrow to go three feet in front of us. The language of the Hadza is believed to be the oldest stillspoken language known to man. The Hadza don39。t have conflict, and have no memory of starvation. Their population never reaches numbers that cannot be supported through hunting or gathering. They never get from their land more than they need. Unlike modernday office workers, the Hadza enjoy an extraordinary amount of free time. Their “work” — hunting for food — takes up around five hours of their day. They39。ve been in such a state of peaceful existence for thousands of years.（1）We can learn from the text that the Hadza_______. A.lead a very simple lifeB.live on traditional agricultureC.have their own system of currencyD.show a lot of interest in new technology（2）Which of the following can describe the Hadza39。s environment? A.Stressful.B.Comfortable.C.Exciting.D.Dangerous.（3）The relationship between the Hadza and nature_______. A.is going wrongB.is full of conflictC.is in perfect harmonyD.is changing all the time（4）Why does the author e to visit the Hadza? A.To study their native language.B.To get to know their way of life.C.To learn survival skills from them.D.To persuade them to protect animals.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了哈扎人的生活方式：他們生活簡單，主要以狩獵為生。他們和大自然和諧相處，長期以來過著平和的生活。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段和第二段中的“Instead they live a life unchanged for more than ten thousand years. Text messages and phone calls don39。t exist. Nor do cars and electricity. No jobs, timetables, and social structures. No laws, taxes and unbelievably, no money — the closest thing to currency (交易) is the trade for a pair of shorts with a neighboring tribe.”可知，他們過著一萬年不變的生活……短信和電話根本不存在。汽車和電力也沒有。沒有工作、時間表和社會結(jié)構(gòu)。沒有法律、稅收。難以置信的是，沒有錢。由此可以推知，the Hadza過著非常簡單的生活。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Their land is packed with sharp bushes, poisonous snakes and maneating lions”可知，他們的土地上滿是鋒利的灌木叢，毒蛇和食人獅。由此可知，他們的環(huán)境非常危險。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“The Hadza don39。t have conflict, and have no memory of starvation. Their population never reaches numbers that cannot be supported through hunting or gathering. They never get from their land more than they need.”可知，哈扎人沒有沖突，也沒有饑餓的記憶。它的人口從未達(dá)到通過狩獵或采集無法維持的數(shù)量。他們從自己的土地上得到的東西從來不超過他們所需要的。由此可知，他們和自然和諧相處。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文介紹了哈扎人的生活方式：他們生活簡單，主要以狩獵為生。他們和大自然和諧相處，長期以來過著平和的生活。由文章的主要內(nèi)容可以推知，作者來參觀the Hadza就是為了了解他們的生活方式。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Beneath the water in the China39。s Qiandao Lake lies a hidden treasure. The ancient city of Shi Cheng (also known as Lion City), located in the province of Zhejiang, has been submerged underwater for 53 years. Shi Cheng was founded about 1,300 years ago in a valley surrounded by the Five Lion Mountains. When the Chinese government decided they needed a new hydroelectric power station (水力發(fā)電站)， a dam and manmade lake were constructed and the city was left at the bottom of this new body of water. Now, it sits at depths ranging from 85 feet to about 103 feet. Much like the Machu Picchu ruins in Peru, this underwater city remained forgotten until some renewed interests lead to its rediscovery. Qiu Feng, a local official in charge of tourism thought about utilizing Shi Cheng for entertainment on the lake and as a destination for diving clubs. On September 18, 2001, scuba divers made their first attempt underwater. We were lucky. As soon as we dived into the lake, we found the outside wall of the town and even picked up a brick, Qiu told Guangzhou Daily in an interview. More research was conducted, and it was discovered that the entire town was intact (1881), including wooden beams and stairs. After the initial findings, international archaeologists and a film crew then recorded the preservation of the lost ruins. Looking at surface of the lake, dotted with over 1,000 islands, you39。d never know that an entire city was below. It39。s incredible to think that after all this time, the structure still remains intact and we could one day visit it. Until then, Shi Cheng will continue to remain inconspicuously submerged.（1）Why was Shi Cheng covered by water according to the passage? A.Because the city has a long history.B.Because the government could attract more tourists by doing so.C.Because the government needed to build a power station where it was.D.The mountains surroundin