【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 reas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most to help.”可知Richard認(rèn)為通過使用這些大數(shù)據(jù)方法，我們可以將我們的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)代保護中的難題:哪些物種和地區(qū)正在發(fā)生變化，哪些人最關(guān)心這些問題，哪些人能夠提供最多的幫助。即他認(rèn)為這些搜索數(shù)據(jù)可以有助于設(shè)定保護目標(biāo)。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 When you think back to the blackboard from your school days, what color is it? Chances are that it39。s green. So what39。s up with the name? Originally, blackboards were really black. Before wallsized blackboards existed, late 18thcentury students used their own mini boards made of slate (石板) or painted wood, according to Concordia University, Those first boards were, in fact, black, and they paved the way for the larger ones. In 1800 when a Scottish headmaster named James Pillans wanted his students to draw maps, the students couldn39。t draw the maps their teacher wanted on their tiny boards, so Pillans put several slates together to create a large board. Problem solved! From there, the idea spread quickly as teachers could finally show a concept to the whole class at one time. By 1815, the massive writing spaces were mon enough to earn their own name: blackboard. The color change came in the 1960s when panies sold, steel plates, coated with green enamel (漆) instead of the traditional dark slate. The new material was lighter and less fragile than the first blackboards, so they were cheaper to ship and more likely to survive the journey. Teachers weren39。t plaining either. After all, the new greenboards made the chalk powder easier to erase. Plus, the enamel left less of a glare and the color was nicer to look at. At that point, people started using the word chalkboard as a more accurate descriptor, but blackboard still stuck around.（1）What did the late 18thcentury students use in class? A.Blackboard.B.Chalkboard.C.Greenboard.D.Mini board.（2）Why did the headmaster ask the students to put their mini boards together? A.To make a parison.B.To make enough space.C.To draw students39。 attention.D.To arouse students39。 interest.（3）Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the greenboard? A.They39。re lighter in weight.B.They39。re more convenient to transport.C.They39。re easier to erase the powder.D.They39。re more useful than the traditional ones.（4）What39。s the main idea of the text? A.Introduction of the blackboard.B.Origin of the blackboard.C.Color of the blackboard.D.Function of the blackboard.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，通過描述黑板發(fā)展歷程向讀者介紹了黑板最早的時候確實是黑色的，隨后慢慢發(fā)展變成了綠色?；卮鹆撕诎鍨槭裁词蔷G色的？這個問題。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的，...late 18thcentury students used their own mini boards made of slate (石板) or painted wood...可知，18世紀(jì)的學(xué)生用的是“迷你板”。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“In 1800 when a Scottish headmaster named James Pillans wanted his students to draw maps, the students couldn39。t draw the maps their teacher wanted on their tiny boards, so Pillans put several slates together to create a large board. ”在1800年，一名英格蘭校長James Pillans想讓他的學(xué)生們畫地圖，但是學(xué)生們在他們的迷你板上無法畫出地圖，因此校長讓學(xué)生把他們的迷你板拼湊在一起來制造一個大的板?？芍?，校長讓學(xué)生把他們的迷你板拼湊在一起是為了創(chuàng)造一個大的空間來畫地圖。故選B。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的The new material was lighter and... more likely to survive the Journey.可知A項和B項正確；以及After all, ... made the chalk powder easier to erase.可知C項正確；D項文章未提及。故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。文章第一段前四句話點明了文章中心：我們看到的黑板大多是綠色的，為什么叫黑板？通讀全文也可知文章主要講述了黑板發(fā)展過程中顏色從黑色變成綠色的過程和原因。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．犇犇閱讀理解 Acting is the least mysterious of all crafts, Marion Brando once said. But for scientists, working out what is going on in an actor39。s head has always been something of a puzzle. Now, researchers have said actors show different patterns of brain activity depending on whether they are in character or not. Dr Steven Brown, from McMaster University in Canada, said, It looks like when you are acting, you are suppressing (壓制) yourself。 almost like the character is possessing you. Brown and colleagues report how 15 actors, mainly theatre students, were trained to take on a Shakespeare role — either Romeo or Juliet — in a theatre workshop. They were then invited into the laboratory, where their brains were scanned in a series of experiments. Once inside the MRI scanner, the actors were asked to answer a number of questions, such as: would they go to the party? And would they tell their parents that they had fallen in love? Each actor was asked to respond to different questions, based on two different premises (前提). In one, they were asked for their own perspective, while in the other, they were asked to respond as though they were either Romeo or Juliet. The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested. The team found that when the actors were in character, they use some thirdperson knowledge or inferences about their character. The team said they also found additional reduction in activity in two regions of the prefrontal cortex (前額皮質(zhì)) linked to the sense of self, pared with when the actors were responding as themselves. However, Philip Davis, a professor at the University of Liverpool, was unimpressed by the research, saying acting is about far more than pretending to be someone — it involves embodying (體現(xiàn)) the text and language.（1）How did Dr Brown39。s team conduct their research? A.By scanning the brain activity of some actors.B.By doing a survey with some theatre goers.C.By interviewing some theatre teachers.D.By consulting some experienced researchers.（2）What is the finding of Dr Brown39。s research? A.Acting is not as mysterious as people think.B.Actors39。 brain activity differs when they are acting.C.Acting is far more than prete