【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 re are emotional tears. These are released in response to emotional states, explains Vingerhoets. Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. Humans are very plex social creatures, says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others, She says. Vingerhoets agrees, I think that the reason why humans shed tears（流眼淚）has something to do with our childhood, he says. that39。s the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person. Vingerhoets says this ability could have e in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, he says. Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. It39。s surprising, she says, how much we still don39。t know.（1）In the scientists39。 opinion, crying is ________. sign of human evolution result of human kindness cause of personal growth means of relying on each other（2）The underlined phrase this ability in the last paragraph refers to the ability to ________. help wisely tears at someone emotionally to other people（3）From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________. different opinions about the causes of tears positively of the effects of tears working together to study tears learned enough about tears（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? types of tears ponents of tears science of tears opinions about tears【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，從科學(xué)的角度分析了哭的類型和哭的原因等內(nèi)容。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other”可知，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為哭與人類如何發(fā)展和學(xué)習(xí)彼此依靠有關(guān)系。故可知哭是人們互相依靠的一種方法，選D。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“‘The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person.’ Vingerhoets says this ability could have e in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention.Vingerhoets認(rèn)為淚水的主要優(yōu)勢就是你可以將淚水指向一個特定的目標(biāo)。這種能力在史前發(fā)揮了作用，當(dāng)時人們生活在危險的動物中。淚水是獲得注意的一種更安全的方式。由此可知，this ability指將淚水指向一個特定的目標(biāo)的能力，故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. ‘It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,’ She says. Vingerhoets agrees”可知，Lauren Bylsma和Vingerhoets都認(rèn)為淚水可以喚起別人的幫助和支持。結(jié)合選項可知，他們都認(rèn)可淚水的積極作用。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Osaka, Japan—Defending champions China lifted the FIVB Women39。s Volleyball World Cup trophy(獎杯)with perfect 11 straight wins after easing past Argentina 30 here on Sunday. With their eleventh win at the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women39。s World Cup, China won the FIVB Women39。s Volleyball World Cup. This year, the World Cup has been played across different cities, and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight. Coach Lang focuses on details of the technique in the training sessions, and I feel our team has bee more balanced. Captain Zhu Ting said. This firm approach explains how China managed to turn the table against the United States at the World Cup. Never quit, especially in adversity. That39。s what the spirit of Chinese women39。s volleyball means. When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That39。s why she has bee a national volleyball icon, just like Iron Hammer Lang. As for Lang, she took over the flag from her former coach Yuan Weimin, who was behind China39。s rise in the beginning. From coach Yuan to coach Lang, and spiker(主攻手) Lang to spiker Zhu, the flag bearers may have changed over time, but the craving for championships and the steely desire and determination remain the same. Volleyball is a team sport and behind the oncourt team there is always a supportive coaching team and staff. Lai was one of the members, shouldering responsibilities as both vice director of China39。s Volleyball Management Center and as assistant coach. Apart from coordinating between coaches and players, Chinese coaches and foreign coaches and sometimes within Chinese coaches, she also has to do chores. During Rio 2016, assistant coach Yuan Lingxi headed for the arena（競技場）at 6am every day to film the matches and would return to the Olympic Village at 2am when he would start analyzing China39。s opponents and file reports. There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overe difficulties and reach their peak.（1）What does the spirit of Chinese women39。s volleyball mean according to paragraph 2? a special team. to the end. every game. hard every day.（2）Why does Zhu Ting bee a national volleyball icon? wins many awards in the World Cup. keeps strong desire and determination. takes lots of training after the tiring flight. does almost everything to help the team forward.（3）What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph? work is vital in volleyball matches. coach has a great influence on players. staff behind the oncourt team is also essential. opponents is necessary to win the game.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，衛(wèi)冕冠軍中國隊以3:0戰(zhàn)勝阿根廷隊,以11連勝奪得了國際排聯(lián)女子排球世界杯獎杯。永不放棄是中國女排精神所在。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第而段中的“Never quit, especially in adversity. That39。s what the spirit of Chinese women39。s volleyball means”可知，中國女排精神的含義是：永不放棄，尤其是在逆境中。故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That39。s why she has bee a national volleyball icon”可知，隊長朱婷成為排球偶像是因為當(dāng)球隊拼搏時，朱婷總是跟他們站在一起，并且做一切事情來帶領(lǐng)球隊前進(jìn)。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Volleyball is a team sport and behind the oncourt team, there is always a supportive coaching team and staff”和最后一段中的“There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overe difficulties and reach their peak.”可知，作者認(rèn)為排球是一項團隊運動。在場上球隊的背后，還有支持他們的教練團隊和員工。作者舉出兩名助理教練賴亞文、袁靈犀的例子，說明有很多像他們這樣的人，是球隊克服困難和達(dá)到頂峰所不可缺少的。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解 LIANG TAO so