【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 cation. “The older persons—they are more affected. And we find, quite amazingly, males are more affected than females. And people working outdoors are more affected than people working indoors. He noted that the youngest people in the study were 10 years old, while the oldest was 90 years old. They came from China39。s 33 provinces. In his words, the data and facts are convincing and this range of ages and locations across the country provided a real, objective and representative sample. The researchers noted that the effect of air pollution on verbal ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated. The researchers also stressed that every country, whether developed, developing or poor, should focus on air pollution or humans will face a bad situation.（1）What is the result of the study? pollution has a bad effect on people39。s intelligence. are more affected by air pollution than males. are more affected by air pollution than Chinese. working indoors are actually not affected by air pollution.（2）What did Chen say about the study? is doubtful. is extremely unfair. is mon and not representative. is relatively objective and persuasive.（3）What did the researchers emphasize in the last paragraph? data from the 33 provinces is convincing. whole world should pay attention to air pollution. less educated take more responsibility for air pollution. pollution39。s influence on verbal ability is less serious as people age.（4）Where is the text most likely taken from? life diary. guidebook. science magazine. biography.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項新的研究表明，長期暴露在空氣污染中會在語言和數(shù)學(xué)兩個方面影響一個人的智力，因此每個國家都應(yīng)關(guān)注空氣污染否則人類將面臨一個糟糕的局面。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“The researchers reported that longterm exposure to air pollution can affect a person39。s mental abilities in two areas: Language and math.”可知，研究人員報告說，長期暴露在空氣污染中會在兩個方面影響一個人的智力：語言和數(shù)學(xué)。即研究結(jié)果是空氣污染會對人們的智力產(chǎn)生不良影響。故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“In his words, the data and facts are convincing and this range of ages and locations across the country provided a real, objective and representative sample.”可知，用Xi Chen的話說，調(diào)查得到的數(shù)據(jù)和事實令人信服，全國各地的不同年齡和不同地方的人提供了真實，客觀和有代表性的研究樣本。即Xi Chen對這項研究說的是“研究結(jié)果是相對客觀和有說服力的。”故選D。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“The researchers noted that the effect of air pollution on verbal ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated. The researchers also stressed that every country, whether developed, developing or poor, should focus on air pollution or humans will face a bad situation.”可知，研究人員指出，隨著人們年齡的增長，空氣污染對言語能力的影響更加嚴(yán)重，尤其是在男性和文化程度較低的人群中。研究人員還強調(diào)，每個國家，無論是發(fā)達(dá)國家，發(fā)展中國家還是貧窮國家，都應(yīng)關(guān)注空氣污染否則人類將面臨一個糟糕的局面。因此在最后一段中研究人員強調(diào)了全世界應(yīng)該注意空氣污染。故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“A new study shows that air pollution can cause a huge reduction in our intelligence. The study was a project involving researchers at Peking University in China and Yale University in the United States.”可知，本文的話題是研究表明空氣污染會大大降低人們的智力。該研究是一個由中國北京大學(xué)和美國耶魯大學(xué)的研究人員參與的項目。因此可以推斷出文章可能來自于科學(xué)雜志。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk free. For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with mosquito bites. Yet others hardly ever get bitten. So how do the bloodthirsty insects select their victims? The insects39。 tastes may seem arbitrary. However, research shows that when mosquitoes make their choices between potential victims, it all es down to scent (氣味). “Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,” says KarlMartin Vagn Jensen, the head of research at the Department of Agricultural Science at Arhus University. According to Jensen, it has not yet been confirmed exactly what the scents in question are. But research does indicate that some scents are more attractive to mosquitoes than others. “All the lab employees rubbed petri dishes (培養(yǎng)皿) against their stomachs. In that way, their scents were put on the dishes, which were then put in a container full of mosquitoes,” he says. “The mosquitoes repeatedly landed on some of the petri dishes, but didn39。t go anywhere near the others.” Perhaps taking inspiration from popular fiction, there are also those who consider garlic as an excellent repellent (驅(qū)蟲劑) against the winged bloodsuckers. According to the researcher, this strategy may not be entirely fruitless. “As far as I know, there is no scientific proof that eating garlic works. But there may be something to the theory that it39。s possible to mask scent with garlic,” he says. The only reliable method of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some smells that can confuse the mosquitoes. When the mosquito es closer, it uses smell, heat and carbon dioxide to decide whether to bite. But if it is confused by a repellent, it will never get that far.（1）Which of the following can best replace the phrase underlined in Paragraph 2? A.Be equal to.B.Be accessible to.C.Be harmful to.D.Be beneficial to.（2）What can we infer about the scents attracting mosquitoes? A.Mosquitoes can be attracted by various scents.B.Some kinds of scents appeal to mosquitoes in particular.C.The lab employees use petri dishes to deposit their scents.D.Mosquitoes are arbitrary when it es to different scents.（3）What is the main idea of the last Paragraph? A.A new strategy is used in researching repellents.B.Garlic is considered to be an excellent repellent.C.Using repellents is an effective way against mosquitoes.D.The inspiration against mosquitoes is from popular fiction.（4）Where is the text most probably taken from? A.Science fiction.B.A biography.C.A medical report.D.A research paper.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了為什么有些人經(jīng)常受到吸血昆蟲的攻擊。（1）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“For those unfortunate enough to f