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a sugar pill,a harmless shot,or ail empty capsule.”可知安慰劑不會(huì)起到醫(yī)學(xué)上的作用。故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章的描述有時(shí)候病人是不需要使用藥物的,醫(yī)生給病人開(kāi)出安慰劑,病人覺(jué)得安慰劑有很大的作用是因?yàn)樗麄兒芟嘈裴t(yī)生。故選B。(4)考查主旨大意。本文講述的是有時(shí)候病人的病并不是需要真正的藥物來(lái)醫(yī)治,而是需要醫(yī)生開(kāi)一些安慰的藥劑,這時(shí)候就會(huì)安慰病人的心理,病人的情緒得到舒緩從而有利于病情的痊愈。這被叫做安慰劑。通常是空的甜膠囊,作用于病人的心理,幫助他們調(diào)節(jié)心情,從而有利于病情痊愈。故選A?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇生活類閱讀,要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析,推理,概括和歸納,從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理解 Most of us have been in this situation: You39。re on your way to your friend39。s house, then you suddenly ask yourself,Did I remember to turn the lights off?” For those with smart homes, however, this wouldn39。t be a problem.Over the last few years,smart home technology has bee more popular. Thanks to userfriendly products like intelligent lighting and heating controllers, people can control nearly every electrical item in their homes from anywhere in the world. While smart homes aren39。t new, panies like Philips, Amazon and Xiaomi have finally brought automation to everyday people with affordable products like artificial intelligence(AI) speakers and sensors. “The obvious message is that you can stop wasting energy,” Tom Kerber, director of research for U. S based digital pany Parks Associates, told The Guardian. And the technology also has more meaningful uses. In Norway, for example, one pany is using smart tech to make life easier for its elderly customers. Abilia39。s system allows carers to check up on patients through a tablet on a wall inside their home. The device sends patients reminders about tasks, such as when they need to take medication(冥想). It can even tell carers if there39。s any unusual activity in the home that could be lifethreatening. “This kind of system allows people to take care of themselves, which is the most important thing,” Abilia39。s vice president, Oystein Johnsen, told the BBC. It also saves the government money. In Norway, it costs 1 million kroner(about 0. 8 million yuan )per year to have someone in a care home. This system costs 15,000 kroner a year.” So, for those who have already gone smart, will it ever be possible to go back to do things in the oldfashioned way? I think it would be difficult. When we go to a friend39。s house or on vacation we find ourselves expecting the house to do things for us that we should do, Poulson, 35, a senior program manager from Seattle.,U. S.,explained.(1)What are the first and second paragraphs used for? A.Introducing the topic.B.Describing the situation.C.Advertising smart homes.D.Putting forward the author39。s opinion.(2)What do Philips, Amazon and Xiaomi have in mon? A.They are all designing smart homes.B.They are all U. S based digital pany.C.They39。ve all advanced in smart technology.D.They39。ve all received affordable products automatically.(3)What does Abilia39。s system allow users to do in Norway? A.To take care of themselves.B.To buy userfriendly products.C.To control heating and cooling.D.To switch lights through a tablet.(4)What39。s Poulson39。s attitude to smart technology? A.Cautious.B.FavorableC.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)A(4)B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了智能家居領(lǐng)域又有了新的進(jìn)展。(1)考查推理判斷。第一、二段是對(duì)智能家居的現(xiàn)象的描述,從第三段開(kāi)始文章介紹了智能家居在人們?nèi)粘I钪械陌l(fā)展及應(yīng)用,因此,第一、二段是為了引出“智能家居”的話題。故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“... panies like Philips Amazon and Xiaomi have finally brought automation to everyday people with affordable products like artificial intelligence(AI) speakers and sensors.”可知,這幾家公司已經(jīng)通過(guò)人們負(fù)擔(dān)得起的產(chǎn)品將自動(dòng)化帶到人們的日常生活中,因此,它們的共同點(diǎn)是都在智能科技方面取得了進(jìn)步。故選C。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“ This kind of system allows people to take care of themselves, which is the most important thing, ‘Abilia39。s vice president,Oystein Johnsen, told the BBC....”可知, Alibia的系統(tǒng)可以讓使用者照顧自己。故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。最后一段中波爾森說(shuō)的話承接該段第一句提出的問(wèn)題So, for those who have already39。gone smart39。, will it ever be possible to go back to do things in the old-fashioned way?”。他認(rèn)為如果沒(méi)有了智能技術(shù),人們很難再用老的方式做事情,如我們?nèi)ヅ笥鸭一蛲獬龆燃贂r(shí),我們會(huì)希望房子能夠做一些本該我們做的事情。由此可推測(cè),波爾森對(duì)智能技術(shù)持支持態(tài)度。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇科普類閱讀,考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息,并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理,選出正確答案。5.閱讀理解 They had a dozen children, six boys and six girls, in seventeen years. One reason Dad had so many children was that he was confident anything he and Mother teamed upon was sure to be a success. Our house at Montclair, New Jersey, was a sort of school for scientific management and the removal of wasted motions — or “motion study,” as Dad and Mother named it. Dad took moving pictures of us children washing dishes, so that he could determine how we could reduce our motions and thus hurry through the task. Each child who wanted extra pocket money put forward an offer saying what he would do the job for. The lowest bidder got the contract(合約). Dad put process and work charts in the bathrooms. Every child old enough to write — and Dad expected his children to start writing at a young age — was required to sign their names on the charts in the morning after he had brushed his teeth, taken a bath, bed his hair, and made his bed. At night, each child had to weigh himself, mark the figure on a graph, and sign the process charts again after he had done his homework, washed his hands and face, and brushed his teeth. Mother wanted to have a place on the charts for saying prayers, but Dad said as far as he was concerned prayers were voluntary. It was strict management, all right. Yes, at home or on the job, Dad was always the efficiency expert. He buttoned his vest from the bottom up, instead of from the top down, because the bottomtotop process took him only three seconds, while the toptobottom took seven. He even used two shaving brushes to make his face smooth enough, because he found that by so doing he could cut seventeen seconds off his shaving time. For a while he tried shaving with two razors, but he finally gave that up. “I can save fortyfour seconds,” he plained, “but I