【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 rcle, with a sugar reward, is iridescent, the bees may have difficulty finding itD.Bees are likely to prefer circles to ovals, whether they are iridescent or not（3）What will be talked about in the following paragraph? A.Whether there are any differences between bees and birds.B.Some industries that have great interest in camouflage.C.Why birds are not effected by iridescent insects.D.Which camouflage theory applies more to birds.（4）Which of the following might serve as the best title of the passage? A.A famous camouflage strategyB.Metallic iridescent as the best disguiseC.Colors unique to animalsD.Shining colors as a sexual strategy【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了彩虹色有助于生物隱藏。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“A good disguise keeps you hidden, right? Well, sometimes the best disguise is actually the most dazzling because research reveals that flashy metallic iridescence(金屬彩虹色) can visually puzzle predators, which allows colorful prey to survive another day.”可知彩虹色被動(dòng)物用來通過逃離捕食者而活得更久，排除A；根據(jù)第三段中的“Here I would like to point out that in some species, particularly those that display strong sexual dimorphism(雌雄兩性), such as birds of paradise or some butterflies or fishes, the occurrence of iridescence is most likely driven by sexual selection.”在這里我想指出的是，在某些物種中，尤其是那些表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈兩性差異的物種，比如天堂鳥、孔雀，甚至在某些蝴蝶或魚類中，彩虹色的出現(xiàn)很可能是由性別選擇所驅(qū)動(dòng)的?？芍?jiǎng)游镉貌屎缟鹜榈淖⒁猓懦鼴；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“The idea that eye173。catching colors could be used as a cover173。up isn39。t a new one.”引人注目的顏色可以用來偽裝，這種想法并不新鮮，排除C，故選D。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It seemed that the strikingly iridescent surfaces on our targets visually broke up the otherwise recognizable shape of the targets, which made them hard to distinguish.”似乎我們的目標(biāo)上驚人的彩虹表面在視覺上打破了原本可以辨認(rèn)的目標(biāo)形狀，這使得它們很難區(qū)分。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段說研究人員目前正在對(duì)鳥類進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，這些鳥類的飲食中經(jīng)常含有彩虹色的昆蟲。實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康氖强纯带B類的視角是否能提供幫助。由此推斷接下來一段會(huì)談?wù)?為什么鳥類不受彩虹色昆蟲的影響，故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“Well, sometimes the best disguise is actually the most dazzling because research reveals that flashy metallic iridescence(金屬彩虹色) can visually puzzle predators, which allows colorful prey to survive another day.”有時(shí)，最好的偽裝其實(shí)是最耀眼的偽裝，因?yàn)檠芯勘砻?，閃光的金屬彩虹色能在視覺上迷惑捕食者，這讓五顏六色的獵物能夠再存活一天，是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了彩虹色有助于生物隱藏，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．犇犇閱讀理解 In our twenties, we find it funny when we can39。t remember our neighbor39。s cat39。s name or a handsome actor who starred in a famous movie. In our thirties, we jokingly call it brain freeze. In our forties, we laugh it off as a senior moment and follow up with one of these old age jokes. But the reality is that there es a point when being forgetful stops being funny and starts to seem a bit dreadful. You think, Am I losing it？Or worse, Is this a sign of Alzheimer39。s disease（老年癡呆癥）？ Well, don39。t worry. The fact that you recognize your own forgetfulness may be a very good sign, at least in terms of the possibility of your developing Alzheimer39。s disease（AD）. The researchers in a new study show that it39。s not forgetfulness but not being aware that we39。re forgetful that we should fear. The researchers began with the assumption that one mon feature of Alzheimer39。s disease is a damaged awareness of illness. And they wanted to prove their theory that the lack of awareness can be used to predict whether someone with mild cognitive（認(rèn)知的）damage will progress to fullon AD. For the study, mild cognitive damage was defined as someone whose mental state was considered healthy but who had either plained of memory loss or had suffered objective memory loss. The researchers used existing data for 1, 062 people between the ages of 55 and 90 that had been recorded over a 12year period. The data included brain scans, which the researchers used to look for visual signs of reduced glucose uptake（葡萄糖吸收）.It is an objective marker of the sort of reduced brain function that goes along with expected, glucose uptake was reduced in those with AD. What the researchers also discovered was that glucose uptake was reduced in those with mild cognitive damage who also showed evidence of reduced illness awareness. Finally, the researchers found that those who had reduced illness awareness were more likely to develop AD than those without.（1）What can be implied from paragraph 1？ A.People can be forgetful at different ages.B.The memory of the young is better than the old.C.Old people are most afraid of getting Alzheimer39。s disease.D.It39。s a rare phenomenon when young people forget something.（2）What statement does the researchers in the new study agree with? A.Being aware all the time is a fearful thing.B.Illness awareness has nothing to do with Alzheimer39。s disease.C.Recognizing forgetfulness doesn39。t mean developing Alzheimer39。s disease.D.Realizing forgetfulness must be a sign of developing Alzheimer39。s disease.（3）What can be a sign of developing Alzheimer39。s disease? A.Realizing others39。 forgetfulness.B.Reduced uptake of glucose.C.Having higher intake of glucose.D.Expected increase in brain function.（4）From which is the text probably taken? A.Science fiction.B.A chemistry book.C.A science research.D.A health brochure.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何預(yù)測(cè)你的記憶喪失是否是老年癡呆癥,一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，不是遺忘，而是沒有意識(shí)到我們的健忘讓人們感到害怕。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“In our twenties, we find it funny when we can39。t remember our neighbor39。s cat39。s name or a handsome actor who starred in a famous movie. In our thirties, we jokingly call it ‘brain freeze’ In our forties, we laugh it off as a‘senior moment’ and follow up with one of these old age jokes. But the reality is that there es a point when being forgetful stops being funny and starts to seem a bit dreadful. ”在二十多歲的時(shí)候，當(dāng)我們記不起鄰居的貓的名字或是主演一部著名電影的英俊演員時(shí)，我們覺得很有趣。在