【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ls,可知，文章提到了表情符號包括膚色，有趣的動物和不同的工作，但是未提到電影，故選B。 （5）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Many fashion designers（設(shè)計師） have included flamingos in their designs in recent ，許多設(shè)計師在他們的作品里使用了火烈鳥，而不是樹懶， 故選C。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。細節(jié)題和詞義猜測題是閱讀理解題中常考題型。細節(jié)題需要從文中尋找答案；詞句猜測題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推出詞句的意思。5．閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. It39。s the social proof （社會認同感） that works. The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines （A, B, C）. A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other men enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （實驗對象）. Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打獵） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others39。 action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now. Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be capful whenever a pany says its product is the most popular.（1）At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by ________. A.telling a storyB.giving examplesC.answering questionsD.showing a map（2）According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows ________. A.following others is always rightB.social proof may change people39。s ideasC.it39。s difficult to carry out the experimentD.people can study better if they are alone（3）The underlined word It in Paragraph g refers to ________. A.running with othersB.hunting with friendsC.copying others39。 actionD.doing something different（4）According to the passage, we can infer （推斷） that ________. A.it39。s important to run with others anytimeB.products in the advertisement are the bestC.we mustn39。t copy others39。 action to keep safeD.we need to think twice before following others【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文通過幾個實例說明了社會認知感對人們的影響。 （1）細節(jié)理解題。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? 可知作者是通過實例說明了一個論點社會認同感的影響。故選B。 （2）細節(jié)理解題。第三段的實驗內(nèi)容主要講讓人們選擇一個正確答案，在一個人單獨思考的狀況下，可以答對；當一群人一起看問題，并告知他們前面的人選擇的一個錯誤答案，他們就都選擇認可前人回答的錯誤答案，由此可知社會認同感會讓人改變觀點。故選B。 （3）詞意猜測題。根據(jù)Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打獵） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others39。 action.這種觀念深深種在我們的腦海中并且現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)耘f在使用。可知it指的是人們抄襲他人的行動。故選C。 （4）推理判斷題。根據(jù) So be careful whenever a pany says its product is the most popular. 因此無論何時當一個公司說它的產(chǎn)品是對受歡迎的要小心。可知當我們在跟從別人之前要再三考慮。故選D。 【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。先閱讀短文，了解短文大意，然后分析問題，弄清題意，再帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細節(jié)中找出問題答案。對于推理判斷題要根據(jù)文章中相關(guān)的細節(jié)進行推理判斷，不要主觀臆斷，要根據(jù)作者的觀點確定。 6．閱讀理解 You think it39。s cool to carry your backpacks and head out to school. But if you don39。t know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear themthese allimportant accessories（配件）can be a pain in the back. Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders. Backpacks can influence your health. Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position。 and even hurt the spinal column（脊柱）This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain. For example, if it is carried on one shoulder。 a heavy backpack forces the muscles and spine to balance the unequal weight. This may increase the possible back problems later in life.More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused （場）improper use of backpacks.Here39。s some advice to help you carry backpacks fortably and safely. Choose the right backpack. Forget leather （皮革）! It looks great, but it39。s far too heavy. Go for canvas（帆布）. Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, fortable shoulder straps（帶子）, along with a hip or waist strap, and plenty of pockets. Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer39。s body. Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. It39。s a good idea to know what each object weighs. The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer39。s own body weight. Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back. Putting the backpack on. Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height. Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust（調(diào)整）the straps to fit fortably. Remember when lifting a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs and to bend at the knees. The right way to wear a backpack. Both shoulder straps should be used, and adjusted so that the pack fits the body, without hanging to one side. Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder. You should be able to move your hands between the backpack and your back. The waist strap should also be worn. Take the above advice, and you may not plain back pain, numbness or weakness in your arms and legs any more.（1）What could mainly cause some young people to suffer back pain by their teenage years? A.Too much homework.160