【文章內容簡介】 的減薪去為一個對社會或環(huán)境有影響的組織工作，58% 的人說他們愿意接受減薪去一個與他們價值觀相同的組織工作。綜上所述，選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full swing. The season brings along with it strong winds and snow — an environment that39。s never fortable to be in. This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature. In Shakespeare39。s King Lear (1606), the king has given away his kingdom and been rejected by his two ungrateful daughters. He is out in the winter cold，suffering things that are usually reserved for the poorest and most unfortunate human beings. The winter is bad enough for Lear，but being abandoned by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare play, As You Like It(1599), is fitting for this poor old man39。s situation: Blow, blow, thou winter wind/Thou art not so unkind /As ma39。s ingratitude (忘恩負義). Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity (無人性). There aren39。t many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare. Once winter became less of a threat to human beings, literary works featuring it became more positive. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations. The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast to the fun going on indoors. Dickens39。 A Christmas Carol (1843) was the start of this, but Christmas is still a mon, cheery element (元素)in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling39。s Harry Potter and the Philosopher39。s Stone (1997) as they sit down for their festive meal： Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat，roast turkeys。 mountains of roast and boiled potatoes。 platters of chipolatas。 tureens of buttered peas, silver boats of thick, rich gravy and cranberry sauce. It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it. Although winter still isn39。t the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it39。s safe to say that writers have certainly warmed up since Shakespeare39。s days.（1）What39。s the author39。s main purpose in writing this article? remend some winter stories in literature. explain what winter is like in literary works. describe certain customs that are related to winter. tell us why winter is described as unpleasant in literature.（2）What can we learn from Shakespeare39。s works? didn39。t like winter for its bad weather. Lear was forced to give up being a king in a cold winter.39。s in winter when King Lear drove his two daughters off. is pared with the ugly side of humanity.（3）Why does the author mention Charles Dickens in the passage? a lot of his works are related to winter. he is the most popular author of winter stories. he started a new way of representing winter. his works make people feel cheerful in winter.（4）The example of Harry Potter and the Philosopher39。s Stone is used mainly to show . Christmas food makes the winter cheery is still a symbol of joy in modern stories39。s a pleasure to read Christmasrelated books in winter has bee the happiest season in literary works【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐懼的方面經常在文學作品中看到，但隨著時間的推移，文學作品中冬天的含義也在發(fā)生變化。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據第二段中的“This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature”可知，人們經常可以在文學中看到冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐懼的方面。隨后，作者描述了冬天在不同作家的作品中的不同方面?？赏浦髡邔懕疚氖菫榱私忉屛膶W作品中的冬天是什么樣子的。故選B。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第三段中的“Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity (無人性). There aren39。t many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.”可知，在莎士比亞的戲劇《皆大歡喜》中，冬天被用來展現人性的丑陋。莎士比亞認為，沒有什么比冬天更糟糕的了。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據第四段可知，自狄更斯以來，在文學中這個季節(jié)的表現常常是圣誕快樂的慶祝活動。由此可知，作者在文中提到查爾斯狄更斯是因為他開啟了一種描寫冬天的新方式。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據第五段可知，寒冷的冬季天氣與室內的樂趣形成了對比。再根據第六段第二句話可知，在J. K. Rowling的《哈利?波特與魔法石》中，哈利?波特和他的朋友們在享用圣誕大餐時是快樂的。作者通過這個例子說明在現代故事中圣誕節(jié)仍然是快樂的象征。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Who doesn39。t want to live life in style? Life is like a road on which you never get a chance to return, and is not a very long road either. So we should try to live life to the fullest and enjoy every bit of it. Every individual has unique likings and preferences, and all of us try to live the lives that suit us best. The world is like a painting cloth on which different people with different races, different languages, and different cultural backgrounds interact. But among these, the arts provide an easy and natural way for people to connect. People with a knack for the arts usually discover it in childhood. But art isn39。t only for the talented。 it can help everyone grow. Those with a strong artistic background are often more energetic, and more successful in all fields of life. Art widens the range of a person39。s life. Painting is one of the most popular art forms. Those who are interested in taking it up as a career need to go through extensive training to get familiar with the various styles. Professional painters often host art exhibitions, with art lovers from all over the world ing to see and buy their creations. Sometimes the paintings are sold at high prices. Performing arts are equally popular and admired. Dance, instrumental music, drama and so on require unusual artistic talent as well as a long period of education and training before audiences start to applaud the performances. But anyone with some artistic sense can make art part of his/ her life, and benefit from it.（1）People should make the most of life because ______ . A.life is difficult but enjoyable timeB.life is valuable and ordinaryC.life is too short to be wasted160