【文章內容簡介】 developed rice produces proteins that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process prevents the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading. The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS reports that worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017. The organization says the largest number of those are in developing countries. Nearly twothirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease. The new study predicts the ricebased method will lead to longterm use of the antiHIV treatment across the developing world. Researchers said the groundbreaking discovery is realistically the only way that antiHIV bination treatments can be produced at a cost low enough for the developing world. They say the easiest and most costeffective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin. The HIVfighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin. People all over the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves. This would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients to receive treatments and medicine. The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.（1）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A.Stress the urgency of HIV treatments.B.Provide some data about HIV.C.Remind readers of HIV prevention.D.Introduce HIV to the public.（2）In which way will the rice be used at the lowest cost? A.By transforming it into proteins.B.By adding it to an oral drug.C.By attaching it to the HIV virus.D.By processing it into a cream.（3）What can we infer about the genetic engineering process? A.It can prevent infections of HIV.B.It can produce dangerous chemicals.C.It still requires perfecting.D.It applies to the developed world.（4）From which is the text probably taken? A.A biology textbook.B.A health magazine.C.A social webpage.D.A first aid brochure.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學家培育出可預防艾滋病病毒感染的轉基因水稻。研究人員表示，這一“突破性”的發(fā)現(xiàn)是“現(xiàn)在唯一的”以低成本為發(fā)展中國家生產(chǎn)抗艾滋病毒聯(lián)合治療的方法，但還有待于進一步的完善。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017.... Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease” 可知，“2017年全世界有近3700萬人感染艾滋病毒。盡管口服藥物治療已經(jīng)有了進展減緩了疾病的發(fā)展，但現(xiàn)在還沒有治愈艾滋病毒/艾滋病的方法”。由此可推斷出對于艾滋病的治療迫在眉睫，非常緊迫。分析選項可知A項符合題意， 故選A。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“They say the easiest and most costeffective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin.”可知，最簡單、最劃算的使用方法是將大米制成面霜涂在皮膚上?！皌he most costeffective”與“the lowest cost”是同義詞，“make it into a cream”與“process it into a cream”是同義的。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.”可知，科學研究小組認為要進一步的測試，以確?；蚬こ踢^程不會產(chǎn)生任何可能對人類有害的額外化學物質。由此可推斷這種基因工程的過程還需要進一步的完善。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文介紹了最近的一項研究，一種新的轉基因水稻可以預防艾滋病病毒的感染。因此與人類的健康有關，所以本文可能是出現(xiàn)在健康雜志上，故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．犇犇閱讀理解 In areas like the Central United States that get lots of tornadoes, there39。s a mon piece of celestial （天上的）fortunetelling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way. Research has shown that it isn39。t quite as simple as that, but scientists have found that if you see a green sky, you should probably go inside. As far as most scientists can tell, the green skies around powerful thunderstorms are usually a bination of red sunsets and water droplets. Daytime skies are blue because blue shorter wavelengths of visible light tend to bounce off （反射）air molecules better than red longer wavelength light. So the blue light gets bounced all over the sky and looks like it39。s ing from everywhere. Meanwhile, around sunset sunlight travels through so much atmosphere that just about all the blue is bounced away from the horizon, leaving all those reds and oranges behind. The sunset might look exclusively （獨有的）red and orange, but there39。s still some green and even blue light hidden in there, just far less than the other colors. But for us to notice the remaining green light, it needs to hit something that reflects green light much better than red. That39。s where water es in. Big tall threatening storm clouds are made of water droplets, and even though water is best at reflecting blue light, it can still reflect green pretty well, much better than reds and oranges, so under just the right conditions, the water in and around a cloud can bounce the green light hidden in the sunset right into our eyes making the sky look green. Still, none of the conditions that can turn skies green are unique to the clouds that produce tornadoes. Sometimes they just lead to lots of rain, and maybe some hail. So if you see huge storm clouds rolling in and a green tint （色調）in the sky, it doesn39。t necessarily mean there39。s about to be a tornado, but it does mean you should probably head indoors.（1）What can be the best title for the text? A.Why Do the Central United States Get TornadoesB.Do Green Skies Mean a Coming TornadoC.A Common Piece of Celestial FortunetellingD.Green Skies Are Unique to Clouds（2）Why are the skies blue in the daytime? A.Because only blue light can be bounced in the daytime.B.Because there is more blue light than light of other colors.C.Because blue light is bounced all over the sky.D.Because red light is weaker than blue light.（3）What does the underlined word it in paragraph 2 refer to? A.The sunset.B.Red light.1