【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 old, researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information. The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception (知覺) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade. Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they39。re processing images at a faster rate, Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though they39。re happening more quickly.（1）What causes time to fly faster as we get old? A.Changes of our nerves and neurons.B.Information in our brain.C.The electrical signals.D.Rapid fire abilities.（2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old? A.Longer days.B.Aging brains.C.More images.D.Less experience.（3）Why do the days seem longer earlier in life? A.Young people are more energetic in their life.B.The younger brain takes less time to process information.C.Old people have fewer things to do than young people.D.Little babies move their eyes much more often.（4）What is the best title of the text? A.Nerves and NeuronsB.Time Flies FastC.The Older, the FasterD.The Function of the Brain【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了為什么老年人會(huì)覺得時(shí)間過得較快，主要原因是隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，大腦中神經(jīng)元的變化讓老年人的大腦需要更多的時(shí)間來處理接收到的信息，這樣就會(huì)讓他們覺得時(shí)間過得較快。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的 This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經(jīng)元).可知，老年人覺得時(shí)間過得過快的原因是神經(jīng)和神經(jīng)元的變化。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的You39。ve got your aging brain to blame.和第二段中的Over the years, these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade.可知，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，不可避免的就是大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的老化。故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的最后兩句可知，年輕時(shí)之所以覺得日子似乎更長(zhǎng)是因?yàn)榇竽X能夠以“快速射擊”的方式處理更多信息。當(dāng)我們變老的時(shí)候，大腦需要更多的時(shí)間來處理信息。所以說，相較于老年人，年輕人的大腦花費(fèi)更少的時(shí)間來處理信息。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。文章首句點(diǎn)明了文章談?wù)撝行模簽槭裁措S著我們變老，我們會(huì)覺得時(shí)間過得更快？后面文章主要解釋了原因：老年人因?yàn)榇竽X退化，神經(jīng)元的變化導(dǎo)致他們覺得時(shí)間過得較快。C項(xiàng)正好與主旨句呼應(yīng)，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．犇犇閱讀理解 If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, to North Americaand their Mayflower had been stocked with bottled water and plastic wrapped snacks, their plastic waste would likely still be around four centuries later. Atlantic waves and sunlight would have worn all that plastic into tiny bits. And those bits might still be floating around the world39。s oceans today, waiting to be eaten by some fish or oyster, and finally perhaps by one of us. Because plastic wasn39。t invented until the late 19th century, and its production only really took off around 1950, we have a mere billion tons of the stuff to deal with. Of that, more than billion tons have bee waste. And of that waste, a surprising billion tons never made it to a recycling binthe figure that shocked the scientists who published the numbers in 2017. No one knows how much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the ocean, the earth39。s last sink. In 2015, Jenna Jam beck a University of Georgia engineering professor, caught everyone39。s attention with a rough estimate between million and 14 million tons of plastic waste each year just e from coastal regions. Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine(海洋的）animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. Some are harmed visibly, stuck by abandoned things made of plastic. Many more are probably harmed invisibly. Marine species of all sizes, from zooplankton to whales, now eat microplastics, the bits smaller than onefifth of an inch across. This isn39。t a problem where we don39。t know what the solution is, says Ted Siegler, a Vermont resource economist who has spent more than 25 years working with developing nations on garbage. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. It39。s a matter of building the necessary institutions and systems, he says, ideally before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic. （1）Why does the author mention the Pilgrims in paragraph 1? A.To prove plastic was difficult to invent.B.To introduce what marine animals like eating.C.To tell the Pilgrims contributed a lot to the marine protection.D.To show plastic waste has a lasting effect on the ocean.（2）What39。s the main trouble marine animals face according to the text? A.Lacking protection.B.Being stuck by plastics.C.Being caught by humans.D.Treating plastics as food.（3）What does Ted Siegler want to tell us in the last paragraph? A.Some people don39。t know the solution of plastics waste.B.Plastics will turn the ocean into a soup of plastic.C.It39。s time to take measures to deal with plastic waste.D.People should avoid using plastics to protect the ocean.（4）From which is the text probably taken? A.A biology textbook.B.A travel brochure.C.An environmental report.D.A lifestyle magazine.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了塑料垃圾給海洋以及海洋生物帶來的危害。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“their plastic waste would likely still be around four centuries later.”他們的塑料廢物很可能在四百年后仍會(huì)存在，可知 作者提到the Pilgrims是為了說明塑料廢物對(duì)海洋有持久的影響，故選D。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理