【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ose做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)The Belt and Road Initiative構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。故填proposed。 （10）考查名詞。句意：中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨把為人類(lèi)作出更大貢獻(xiàn)作為自己的使命。make contribution to…固定短語(yǔ)，“為……作貢獻(xiàn)”，故填contribution。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)，冠詞，介詞，副詞，代詞，形容詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，名詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇社會(huì)類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。5．語(yǔ)法填空 Many of the earth39。s plants and animals have already________(die) out, and a hundred species bee ________(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves________ (lonely) on the earth. Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution. I suggest that measures should be taken ________(protect) wildlife. The government should keep people ________destroying forests and shut down the factories ________ pollute rivers and air, I think more wildlife reserves should also be ________(build).【答案】 Died；endangered；alone；forests；a；losing；to protect；from；which/that；built 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，地球上的很多動(dòng)、植物已經(jīng)滅絕，一百個(gè)物種每天都變得瀕臨絕境，我們應(yīng)該采取措施保護(hù)野生動(dòng)植物。 （1）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：地球上的很多動(dòng)、植物已經(jīng)滅絕。根據(jù)句意可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填died。 （2）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一百個(gè)物種每天都變得瀕臨絕境。endangered為形容詞化的分詞形式，意為“瀕臨滅絕的”，故填endangered。 （3）考查形容詞。句意：如果沒(méi)有采取措施，我們可能發(fā)現(xiàn)我們自己在地球上獨(dú)自存在。alone “獨(dú)自的，單獨(dú)的”，答案為alone。 （4）考查名詞。句意：野生動(dòng)物生活在被人正在毀掉的森林里。根據(jù)句意可知名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案為forests。 （5）考查冠詞。as a result固定短語(yǔ)，“結(jié)果”，故填a。 （6）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：動(dòng)物正在失去它們的棲息地。句子用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故填losing。 （7）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)，故填to protect。 （8）考查介詞。keep sb. from doing ，“阻止某人做某事”，故填from。 （9）考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：關(guān)閉污染河流和空氣的工廠。此處factories是先行詞，指物，在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，故填which/that。 （10）考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我認(rèn)為還應(yīng)該建立更多的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)。根據(jù)句意可知句子用含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填built。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，形容詞，名詞，冠詞，時(shí)態(tài)，介詞，定語(yǔ)從句以及語(yǔ)態(tài)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。6．After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word。 for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖論) is that our children can only truly succeed ________ they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that worldclass figure skaters fall over more often in practice than lowlevel figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most? The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. ________ (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lowerlevel skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, ________ (remain) within their fort zone. This is why they don39。t fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never ________ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress. ________ is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型) for his newest vacuum before ing up with the design ________ made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put ________: You can39。t develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention. In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don39。t like to admit to failure, partly because they have strongegos (自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (訴訟). The consequence is that ________ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes ________ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. ________ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.【答案】 if / when；To stretch；remaining；failing；What；which / that；it；instead of；are repeated；Until / Unless 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗，才能真正成功，作者用這個(gè)道理告訴美國(guó)的醫(yī)療保健部門(mén)只有學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，醫(yī)療事故的情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)。 （1）考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：但矛盾的是，我們的孩子只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗，才能真正成功。根據(jù)句意可知此處既可以用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示如果……，也可用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，故填if / when。 （2）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了突破自己的局限，他們一直在努力。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示目的，應(yīng)該用不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)，故填To stretch。 （3）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們總是嘗試他們已經(jīng)做得很容易的動(dòng)作，保持在他們的舒適區(qū)內(nèi)。They與remain之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動(dòng)，用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)，故填remaining。 （4）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在實(shí)踐中從不失敗會(huì)阻礙他們進(jìn)步。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，故填failing。 （5）考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：生活中的情況和滑冰的情況是一樣的。此處為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故填What。 （6）考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：詹姆斯戴森為最新款的吸塵器設(shè)計(jì)了5126個(gè)原型，然后才想出了這個(gè)讓他大賺一筆的設(shè)計(jì)。此處為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為design，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)，故填which / that。 （7）考查代詞。句意：正如戴森所說(shuō)的：除非你測(cè)試新想法，并在事情出錯(cuò)時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)，否則你不會(huì)開(kāi)發(fā)出新技術(shù)，失敗是發(fā)明的基礎(chǔ)。as someone puts it固定句式。正如某人所說(shuō)表示。put it表達(dá)......故填it。 （8）考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：結(jié)果是，醫(yī)療保健往往掩蓋失敗，而不是從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示而不是，故填instead of。 （9）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：其直接后果是一再地犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，mistakes 與repeat之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填are repeated。 （10）考查連詞。句意：除非醫(yī)療保健學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，否則情況不會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)（直到醫(yī)療保健學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)）。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示除非或直到，故填Until / Unless。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及狀語(yǔ)從句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句，代詞