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【答案】 on;an;has invited;whose;interesting;applying;newly;Known;was invented;appreciation 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道,3月1日,杭州一所小學(xué)的學(xué)生上了他們的第一節(jié)活字課的情況。該校表示,這門(mén)課程旨在提高學(xué)生的漢字意識(shí)和對(duì)中國(guó)文化的欣賞。 (1)考查介詞。句意:3月1日,杭州一所小學(xué)的學(xué)生上了他們的第一節(jié)活字課。根據(jù)下文March 1st可知在具體的某一天應(yīng)用介詞on,故填on。 (2)考查冠詞。句意:這是一個(gè)古老的中國(guó)印刷系統(tǒng)。system為可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指,且ancient為元音音素開(kāi)頭,故填不定冠詞an,填an。 (3)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:到目前為止,學(xué)校已經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)了一位漢字文化專家,他的主要職責(zé)是教學(xué)生如何使用古代的印刷技術(shù)。根據(jù)上文So far可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞,故填has invited。 (4)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:到目前為止,學(xué)校已經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)了一位漢字文化專家,他的主要職責(zé)是教學(xué)生如何使用古代的印刷技術(shù)。本句為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞an expert,且先行詞在從句中做定語(yǔ),故填關(guān)系代詞whose。 (5)考查形容詞。句意:學(xué)生們參加有關(guān)活字歷史的講座,以及有關(guān)排字和印刷的有趣課程。classes為名詞,指物需要ing結(jié)尾形容詞修飾,故填interesting。 (6)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:然后他們將所學(xué)的知識(shí)打印成自己的文檔。apply做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)they構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞,填applying。 (7)考查副詞。句意:一名學(xué)生打印了她新寫(xiě)的論文《孩子們收到的傳統(tǒng)紅包是自己的還是父母的?》。修飾形容詞written應(yīng)用副詞,故填newly。 (8)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 活字印刷術(shù)被稱為中國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明之一,活字印刷術(shù)是畢升在10世紀(jì)40年代宋朝時(shí)發(fā)明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系統(tǒng)。本句中know做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)movable type printing構(gòu)成被動(dòng),故用過(guò)去分詞,填Known。 (9)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意: 活字印刷術(shù)被稱為中國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明之一,活字印刷術(shù)是畢升在10世紀(jì)40年代宋朝時(shí)發(fā)明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系統(tǒng)。本句主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且根據(jù)下文in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填was invented。 (10)考查名詞。句意:該校表示,這門(mén)課程旨在提高學(xué)生的漢字意識(shí)和對(duì)中國(guó)文化的欣賞。根據(jù)上文their為形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞,故填appreciation。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及介詞,冠詞,時(shí)態(tài),定語(yǔ)從句,形容詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,副詞,語(yǔ)態(tài)以及名詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇新聞報(bào)道,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。7.語(yǔ)法填空 As kids reach adolescence, they often face increasing workloads and responsibilities but school still starts early. As a result, it ________ (report) that 80 to 90 percent of teens don39。t get enough sleep. This sleep ________ (lose) causes kids to suffer mentally and physically. But too much sleep also has its problems. According to Andrew Fuligni, a sleep doctor in a famous hospital, ________ studies the mental health of adolescents, sleeping less than eight hours ________ more, than ten can make teenagers fed worse the next day. ________ (help) teens get enough sleep, some schools have already made school start later. They have found that the later times let kids sleep more. They also have seen ________ (high) test scores and better graduation rates. However, this isn39。t enough. Meanwhile, teenagers have to help ________ (they). Fuligni suggests teens sleep for 10 hours each night for a week or two. This will help them figure ________ how much sleep they require to fed their best. However, sleeping more on weekends ________(be) not a good idea to pensate for missing sleep during the week. Fuligni warns that getting different ________(amount)of sleep each, night can be had for mental health.【答案】 is reported;loss;who;or;To help;higher;themselves;out;is;amounts 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了關(guān)于青少年的睡眠問(wèn)題。睡眠在青少年的成長(zhǎng)中很重要。隨著孩子們進(jìn)入青春期,他們經(jīng)常面臨越來(lái)越多的工作負(fù)擔(dān)和責(zé)任,但學(xué)校仍然很早就開(kāi)始上課。結(jié)果是,有80%到90%的青少年沒(méi)有得到足夠的睡眠。 (1)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)果是,有80%到90%的青少年沒(méi)有得到足夠的睡眠。It is reported that...,固定句式,“據(jù)報(bào)道.....”,故填is reported。 (2)考查名詞。這種睡眠不足會(huì)讓孩子們?cè)诰裆虾蜕眢w上遭受痛苦。句子缺少主語(yǔ),所以此處應(yīng)該用名詞形式做主語(yǔ),故填loss。 (3)考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處a sleep doctor是先行詞,指人,后面的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ)和先行詞,故填who。 (4)考查連詞。一家著名醫(yī)院的睡眠醫(yī)生,他研究青少年的心理健康,睡眠時(shí)間少于8小時(shí)甚至超過(guò)10小時(shí),這可能會(huì)讓青少年第二天的情況變得更糟。or more或更多,故填or。 (5)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。為了幫助青少年獲得充足的睡眠,一些學(xué)校已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了學(xué)校的開(kāi)學(xué),幫助青少年獲得充足的睡眠,一些學(xué)校已經(jīng)在晚些時(shí)候開(kāi)始上課。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)。故填To help。 (6)考查形容詞。他們也看到了更高的考試成績(jī)和更好的畢業(yè)率。根據(jù)后面的better,可知此空用比較級(jí),故填higher。 (7)考查代詞。與此同時(shí),青少年不得不幫助他們自己。結(jié)合句意,用反身代詞,故填themselves。 (8)考查副詞。這將幫助他們計(jì)算出他們需要多少睡眠才使他們得到最好的睡眠。figure out固定短語(yǔ),“明白,理解,計(jì)算出”,故填out。 (9)考查時(shí)態(tài)。為了彌補(bǔ)一周的睡眠不足在周末睡得更多不是一個(gè)好主意。此處是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ),文章講的是日常情況,所以句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),故填is。 (10)考查名詞。根據(jù)different可知后面的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填amounts。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),名詞,定語(yǔ)從句,連詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,形容詞,代詞,副詞,時(shí)態(tài)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。8.語(yǔ)法填空 Your teeth may be part of your smile, ________they have a more important job173。they are the first step in the process of digestion. You have three ________(kind) of teeth. In the very front of your mouth are eight flat, thin teeth called incisors. They are used for cutting and biting food. Next to these are pointed teeth called canines, ________also help you tear food. The remaining teeth are molars. These teeth have flat tops for crushing and grinding the food.【答案】 but;kinds;which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了牙齒的三個(gè)種類和功能。 (1)考查連詞。句意:你的牙齒可能是你笑容的一部分,但是他們有一個(gè)更重要的工作:它們是消化過(guò)程的第一步 。空格處前后為兩個(gè)完整的句子,所以要填一個(gè)連詞連接這兩個(gè)句子,根據(jù)句意,前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填but。 (2)考查名詞。句意:你有三種牙齒。kind在這里表種類,是可數(shù)名詞,由three修飾,所以要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 kinds。 (3)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:這些牙齒旁邊是犬齒,這些犬齒也可以幫助你撕裂食物。分析句子可知,空格處所在的句子為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為canines, 指物。關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)。所以要用which引導(dǎo)這個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 ,故填which。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及連詞,名詞,定語(yǔ)從句等知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科普類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。9.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 During my recent travels in China, I went from the top to the bottom of the country. I was astonished at ________ different the weather was in different cities. The weather was ________ (freeze) cold in Harbin, but felt much warmer in Shanghai, Guilin, Qingdao and Yangshuo. Each place has a different feel and allows you ________ (experience) different things. In Qingdao, we ate seafood, drank beer and even swam in the sea. In Harbin, we wore our warmest jackets and saw the ________ (amaze) ice and snow sculptures (雕塑). Shanghai reminded me ________ a city in Europe or America. There are lots of Western cafes. Guilin was a good place to be touring around during Spring Festival. Fireworks ________ (fill) the sky and the streets were busy with happy people. I visited several old buildings and walked around a beautiful lake. But Yangshuo ________ (be) my favorite place so far. I could not stop taking ________ (photo) of the beautiful mountains and the Lijiang River. I rode a bicycle along the Yulong River in the warm sun. I ate strawberries and drank tea that came from farms in the mountains. Now, I am back in Beijing. I am looking forward to ________ next trip. I think I ________ (go) to another warm place!【答案】 how;freezing;to experience;amazing;of/about;filled;has been;photos;the/my;will go 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,作者講述了在最近一次旅行中,感受到了中國(guó)不同城市中天氣狀況很不相同。 (1)考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意:我對(duì)不同城市間的天氣是多么的不同很吃驚。這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞在介詞at后作賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意,從句部分是一個(gè)感嘆句。空格后接的是形容詞differe