【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 c and direct feedback the quality of their work and answersD.Students transform their own statements into uncertain ments【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述了教育不是旁觀者的活動(dòng)。要想學(xué)有所獲，必須積極參與其中互動(dòng)。男生比女生更加積極地參與課堂互動(dòng)，因此獲得老師更多的直接指導(dǎo)，這使得他們的能力得到培養(yǎng)，個(gè)性也得到張揚(yáng)，所以在今后的職場(chǎng)中也能夠站統(tǒng)領(lǐng)地位。女性要想獲得同等的地位，應(yīng)該從積極參與課堂互動(dòng)開始。（1）考查推理判斷。縱觀全文可知，許多研究表明，當(dāng)學(xué)生參與課堂討論時(shí)，他們對(duì)上學(xué)持更積極的態(tài)度，積極的態(tài)度促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)。女生在課堂討論中更被動(dòng)，在SAT考試中得分低于男生，這不是巧合。因此推斷作者說“教育不是旁觀者的活動(dòng)”是為了表明男孩和女孩都應(yīng)該積極參與課堂討論。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Our research contradicted the traditional assumption that girls control classroom munication in reading while boys in math. We found that whether the subject was language arts and English or math and science, boys got more than their fair share of teacher attention.”可知，我們的研究違背了傳統(tǒng)的假設(shè)，即女孩在閱讀中控制課堂交流，而男孩在數(shù)學(xué)中控制課堂交流。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論是語言藝術(shù)和英語，還是數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)，男孩在教師的注意力中所占的份額都超過了他們的平均水平。因此女孩在閱讀中控制課堂交流，而男孩在數(shù)學(xué)中控制課堂交流的說法是錯(cuò)誤的。故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Numerous researchers have shown that when students participate in classroom discussion they hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes promote learning.”可知，A項(xiàng)“學(xué)生們能夠積極參與課堂討論”是對(duì)的；根據(jù)第四段的“Years of experience have shown that the best way to learn something is to do it yourself. It is also important to give students specific and direct feedback about the quality of their work and answers. ”可知，多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，最好的學(xué)習(xí)方法是自己去做。給學(xué)生關(guān)于他們的工作和答案的質(zhì)量的具體而直接的反饋也是很重要的。 故B、C都是有利的因素；而D項(xiàng)“學(xué)生們將自己的陳述轉(zhuǎn)化為不確定的評(píng)論 ”文章中沒有提到。故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners39。 understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(針灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injurylike marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical position and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicinemaking panies e up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou39。s winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (瘧疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China39。s TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time.（1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A.Because he was injured in his swimming.B.Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment.C.Because westerners know a little about TCM.D.Because westerners attach great importance to TCM.（2）Why don39。t some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A.Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases.B.Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture.C.Because Western medicine is more effective.D.Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly.（3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A.The methods of planting herbs.B.The effectiveness of prescription.C.Lacking in standardization.D.Its stable functions.（4）The lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that ________. A.medicinemaking panies lack creativityB.prescriptions are got from the pastC.Western panies are more experiencedD.medicinemaking panies lack driving force【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，街掃了傳統(tǒng)中藥的好處。和西醫(yī)相比，它不必動(dòng)手術(shù)，費(fèi)用少，且沒有術(shù)后感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等，但生產(chǎn)缺乏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、療效不穩(wěn)定和缺乏創(chuàng)造力等問題也嚴(yán)重阻礙中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Westerners39。 understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(針灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injurylike marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016.”可知，作者提到Michael Phelps的例子是說明西方人對(duì)TCM有一點(diǎn)了解，但這種了解只限于針灸，拔罐和按摩。故選C。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.”可知，有些WHO的成員國不承認(rèn)中國的草藥是因?yàn)橹兴幇l(fā)展緩慢，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于西藥。故選D。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical position and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable.”可知，與西醫(yī)相比，在第四段中指出中醫(yī)的弱點(diǎn)是缺乏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。故選C。(4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity.”可知，中藥缺乏創(chuàng)造力指的是中藥是根據(jù)過去流傳下來的處方做成的。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered secondclass citizens. As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hen