【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 rous危險的。故選D。 （3）正誤判斷題。由文中Characters: Benny, student, 14 years old；Peter, students, 15 years old；Susie, student, 14 years old；Grace, student, 14 years ，不符合文章內(nèi)容，故排除A；Peter: Whoops…the newspaper has caught Susie: And the grass.. Benny, Grace, help! Help!（Benny and Grace e over quickly. They help put out the fire pletely）可知由于彼得的粗心引起火災(zāi)，故選項B符合文章內(nèi)容，故選B； Time: One Sunday afternoon in autumn；Time: One Sunday afternoon in autumn；Place: Sunny Park；（The four teenagers have just finished the piic. They are tidying up.）可知選項C不符合文章內(nèi)容，故排除C； That39。s no excuse for not tidying up, Benny. Come over here and help me pack up the leftover food. 可知選項D不符合文章大意，故排除D。綜上所述，故選B。 【點評】考查閱讀理解，首先通讀全文，了解全文大意，其次分析問題，抓住關(guān)鍵詞，在文中尋找相關(guān)信息，確定答案，最后再檢查一遍，確保答案正確。 5．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 How Much Can We Afford to Forget? In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can access （獲得） knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads? Civilizations （文明） develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural （農(nóng)業(yè)的） Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter? Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases （偏見）, and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers. Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information. When there were no puters, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along. In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our wellbeing （健康） depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry。 without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age. We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they39。re not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably bee strangers to future people.（1）Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases? A.Because they go off course in testing and scoring.B.Because we control the training process on them.C.Because we offer them too much information.D.Because they overuse the provided answers.（2）The ease of accessing information from the Internet ________. A.frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB.prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC.misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD.separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines（3）The word collapse in Paragraph 5 probably means ________. A.a sudden failureB.the basic ruleC.a disappointing startD.the gradual development（4）What is the writer39。s main purpose in writing this passage? A.To question about the standards of information storage.B.To discuss our problems of munication with machines.C.To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.D.To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】大意：作者主要講的是用機器記信息可能會產(chǎn)生的不良影響或后果。 （1）細節(jié)題。根據(jù) Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers. 機器人的程序是由人類編程的，人類控制它們的訓(xùn)練程序，故選B。 （2）細節(jié)題。根據(jù) This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all ，故選C。 （3）詞義猜測題。 根據(jù)The collapse of any of the networks of relations our wellbeing （健康） depends upon, produce terrible results. 可知，此處指我們健康所依靠的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的任何一個突然崩潰或垮掉了，都會產(chǎn)生很糟糕的后果。collapse意為崩潰，垮掉，故選A。 （4）主旨題。通讀全文可知，作者主要講的是用機器記信息可能會產(chǎn)生的不良影響或后果，故D項符合題意，故選D。 【點評】詞義猜測題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。詞句猜測題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推出詞句的意思；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6．閱讀理解 No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. There are many good qualities （品質(zhì)） that can benefit you a lot in your life. Among them, the following qualities are the most helpful ones. Have a positive attitude（態(tài)度）. Life is not always a bed of roses. When you face difficulties, don39。t lose heart. Do you know what can help you overe difficulties？ It39。s your attitude. Cheer up！ Life is like a mirror. When you smile in front of it, it will also smile at you. Keep learning. Maybe you are used to your present life. Every day you have so much work to do that you can39。t find any time to learn. However, the world around you is changing all the time. Never be satisfied with yourself, or you will fall behind others. Keeping learning can help you get success in the future. Be creative. In the modern world, the students who have creative thinking are needed most. Being creative means ing up with new ideas and having creative imagination. Those who are creative have more choices in their life. Be honest and keep your promise. Honesty is the best policy（原則）. Nobody likes a person who tells lies. The one who keeps his words is popular everywhere. As long as you have these qualities mentioned above, you will be excellent and make a diffe