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ears...”. . (.=[拉]nota bene (=note well)注意, 留心) i. The colon is not used to introduce conversation. ii. Direct formal quotations begin with a capital letter. iii. The colon is not used to introduce quotes consisting of very brief phrases: Do you know that Mrs Thatcher actually said “shut up” to Lord Carrington? 2. Explanations The colon is often used after a main clause where the following statement explains, elaborates, or illustrates that clause, especially in formal contexts. It may sometimes be replaced by a full stop or a semicolon. There is no point in worrying: disasters are sure to happen anyway. (Full stop and semicolon also possible.) The Church is totally opposed to two aspects of the permissive society: that is, abortion on demand and artificial methods of birth control. Apartheid (種族隔離) was not overthrown: rather, it died a natural death. (Full stop and semicolon also possible.) The question is this: Is killing ever justified? He certainly has a drinkingproblem: I once saw him drink a whole bottle of whisky. (Full stop and semicolon also possible.) There is one good thing about skinheads (剃光頭的人) and punks: they absolutely hate each other. 3. Lists Colons can also be used to introduce lists or enumerations, often using the following phrases: as follows, for example, for instance, such as, and the following. In the world described i