【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 腰臀比相比，健康狀況更不理想。得到了這些測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)之后，我們要求我們的研究對(duì)象帶著負(fù)重走向一條終點(diǎn)線，就像賽跑那樣。
　　But before they did that, we asked them to estimate the distanceto the finish line. We thought that the physical states of their body might change how they perceived the distance. So what did we find? Well, waisttohip ratio predicted perceptions of distance.
　　但是在他們開(kāi)始之前，我們讓他們估計(jì)到終點(diǎn)線的距離。我們認(rèn)為他們的身體狀況可能會(huì)影響他們對(duì)距離的估計(jì)。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么呢?事實(shí)上，腰臀比預(yù)示了他們對(duì)距離的估測(cè)。
　　People who were out of shape and unfit actually saw the distance to the finish line as significantly greater than people who were in better shape. Peopleamp。39。s states of their own body changed how they perceived the environment. But so too can our mind. In fact, our bodies and our minds work in tandem to change how we see the world around us.
　　與體型狀況更好的人相比那些身材走型的人，會(huì)認(rèn)為到終點(diǎn)的距離更遠(yuǎn)。人們的身體狀況影響了他們觀察環(huán)境的方式。但我們的大腦也可以。事實(shí)上，我們的身體和大腦會(huì)共同影響我們對(duì)世界的觀察。
　　That led us to think that maybe people with strong motivations and strong goals to exercise might actually see the finish line as closer than people who have weaker motivations. So to test whether motivations affect our perceptual experiences in this way, we conducted a second study. Again, we gathered objective measurements of peopleamp。39。s physical fitness, measuring the circumference of their waist and the circumference of their hips, and we had them do a few other tests of fitness.
　　這使得我們想到或許那些有強(qiáng)烈動(dòng)機(jī)去運(yùn)動(dòng)的人們，相比起動(dòng)機(jī)較弱的人們會(huì)認(rèn)為終點(diǎn)線更近。所以為了測(cè)試動(dòng)機(jī)是否會(huì)這樣影響我們的觀察，我們進(jìn)行了第二項(xiàng)研究。我們又一次收集了人們體型狀況的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)，包括了他們的腰圍和臀圍，我們還讓他們做了其他健康狀況的測(cè)試。
　　Based on feedback that we gave them, some of our participants told us theyamp。39。re not motivated to exercise any felt like they already met their fitness goals and they werenamp。39。t going to do anything else. These people were not motivated. Other people, though, based on our feedback, told us they were highly motivated to exercise. They had a strong goal to make it to the finish line. But again, before we had them walk to the finish line, we had them estimate the distance. How far away was the finish line?
　　基于我們的反饋，一些研究參與者告訴我們，他們沒(méi)有繼續(xù)鍛煉的動(dòng)力了。他們感覺(jué)已經(jīng)達(dá)到了健康目標(biāo)，不想繼續(xù)鍛煉下去了。這些人是沒(méi)有動(dòng)機(jī)的人。但是另一些人基于我們的反饋，告訴我們他們非常想要繼續(xù)鍛煉。他們想要到達(dá)終點(diǎn)的目的性很強(qiáng)。但是在他們開(kāi)始走向終點(diǎn)線之前，我們又要求他們估計(jì)到終點(diǎn)的距離，他們到終點(diǎn)的距離有多遠(yuǎn)呢?
　　And again, like the previous study, we found that waisttohip ratio predicted perceptions of distance. Unfit individuals saw the distance as farther, saw the finish line as farther away, than people who were in better shape. Importantly, though, this only happened for people who were not motivated to exercise.
　　再一次，就像之前的研究那樣，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)腰臀比預(yù)示了他們對(duì)距離的估測(cè)。體型較差的人相比體型較好的來(lái)說(shuō)，認(rèn)為到終點(diǎn)的距離更遠(yuǎn)。重要的是，這個(gè)現(xiàn)象只發(fā)生在那些沒(méi)有強(qiáng)烈的運(yùn)動(dòng)動(dòng)機(jī)的人中間。
　　On the other hand, people who were highly motivated to exercise saw the distance as short. Even the most out of shape individuals saw the finish line as just as close, if not slightly closer, than people who were in better shape.
　　另一方面，運(yùn)動(dòng)動(dòng)機(jī)很強(qiáng)烈的人，認(rèn)為到終點(diǎn)的距離很近。甚至他們中最胖的人看待終點(diǎn)線也是一樣近，甚至?xí)绕渌聿母玫娜诉€要近一點(diǎn)。
　　So our bodies can change how far away that finish line looks, but people who had mitted to a manageable goal that they could acplish in the near future and who believed that they were capableof meeting that goal actually saw the exercise as easier. That led us to wonder, is there a strategy that we could use and teach people that would help change their perceptions of the distance, help them make exercise look easier?
　　也就是說(shuō)我們的身體，可以改變終點(diǎn)看起來(lái)的距離，而那些有著明確的、可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)達(dá)到的目標(biāo)的人，和那些相信自己有能力達(dá)到目標(biāo)的人，會(huì)認(rèn)為這種鍛煉更加輕松。這使我們想到，我們可否可以借助某種方法來(lái)幫助人們，改變他們