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s. Beginning with the Greeks and Hipparchus, continuing through Ptolemy, Copernicus and Galileo, and today with our work on the International Space Station, man continues to learn more and more about the heavens. From here, we look inward to biochemistry and biology. To truly understand biochemistry, scientists study and see the unseen by studying the chemistry of biological processes. This science, along with biophysics, aims to bring a better understanding of how bodies work – from how we turn food into energy to how nerve impulses transmit. analytic geometry, branch of geometry in which points are represented with respect to a coordinate system, such as Cartesian coordinates, and in which the approach to geometric problems is primarily algebraic. Its most mon application is in the representation of equations involving two or three variables as curves in two or three dimensions or surfaces in three dimensions. For example, the linear equation ax+by+c=0 represents a straight line in thexyplane, and the linear equation ax+by+cz+d=0 represents a plane in space, where a, b,。 He is no richer than his brother. 他與他弟弟一樣不富有。 When winter is ing , it gets colder and colder .冬天來臨之際,天越來越冷了。例如: She spread as much butter on her bread as Jane usually does. 她在面包上涂的黃油與瓊通常涂的一樣多。 1) 同級比較中有兩種情況: 表示雙方情況 一模一樣 ,用 as + 原級 + as的結(jié)構(gòu); 表示雙方情況 不(那么)一樣 ,用 not so / as + 原級 + as的結(jié)構(gòu)。 第 32 單元 在本單元中,你將學習了解空中旅行的過去、現(xiàn)在和未來。 第 30 單元 在本單元中,復習在 units2529 中的語言知識和技能,并進行自測。 I39。t go to the party tonight . I39。例如: I saw him crossing the street 我看見他正在過街。具體地說,主動態(tài)句子中的賓語補足語就是被動態(tài)句子中的主語補足語。 Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. (表示條件)要是多加注意,那次事故就可以避免了。 3) 作狀語 分詞,無論是現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞,作狀語時,往往說明這樣幾種情況: 分詞表示的動作總是句子主語發(fā)出的動作之一;也就是說句子的主語或是在邏輯上是分詞動 作的執(zhí)行者,這時,主語和分詞動作構(gòu)成的是 主謂關(guān)系 ,是 主動態(tài) ;或是在形式上是分詞動作的主語,在這種情況下,主語和分詞動作構(gòu)成的是 動賓關(guān)系 ,是 被動態(tài) 。如果與上述兩點不符,就不能用分詞作定語,而要改用定語從句作定語。 The story is very much interesting . 這個故事非常有趣。如:當 work 作 工作 的意義用時,無論 working 還是 worked 的 動作意義 都是 工作 。 第 20 單元 在本單元中,你將學習了解現(xiàn)代社會的消費觀及廢物利用問題。我們認為,要解決好這個問題必須首先要強化兩個概念: 1)分詞的動作意義是一回事;而分詞的形式又是一回事。這里所說的 與分詞的相關(guān)詞 的所指與 現(xiàn)在分詞中講的所指 一樣。 經(jīng)過上面的分析,我們再來討論分詞在句子中的作用就比較容易了。 He got very much excited when he heard that Fu Mingxia won the 26th gold medal for China .當他聽到伏明霞為中國獲得第 26塊金牌時,他非常激動。 When leaving the airport , Yang Xia and Din Meiyuan waved with tears to the Chinese delegates left in Sydney. (表示時間)當楊霞和丁美媛離開機場時,他們含而淚向留在悉尼的中國奧運代表們揮手告別。 當句子的主語既不是分詞的邏輯主語也不是它的形式主語時,也就是說這時主語和分詞之間沒有關(guān)系,分詞可以帶上自己的邏輯主語而構(gòu)成獨立 結(jié)構(gòu)( Absolute Construction)。 They heard the topic being discussed all over the munity. 他們聽到那個話題在社區(qū)上下為人們談?wù)撝 be using it. 星期五你可以在我的辦公室開會。 She is said to have published a new book .據(jù)說她又出版了一本書。學習目標:學習與計算機和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關(guān)的詞匯;復習現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的用法;學習如何報告調(diào)查結(jié)果;學習委婉提問的方式。 all 還可以用在一些詞組中,如: all day (整天 ) all night (整夜 ) all this(所有這些 ) all the year round (整年 ) all day long (一天到晚 ) all the time (一直 ) each 和 every each和 every 這兩個詞在中文里都有 每一個 的意思,但它們在句子里各自強調(diào)的側(cè)重點卻不同: every 從每一個個體著眼而強調(diào) 整體 ;而 each 卻是把一些東西一個一個地加以考慮,強調(diào) 各個 。 比較級 前同樣可以加倍數(shù)或程度副詞。 James is not nearly as tall as Robert. 詹姆斯根本沒有羅伯特高。 6) 比較級中的兩個特殊作用的結(jié)構(gòu)是: The + 比較級 + 句子, the + 比較級 + 句子 。例如: He is taller than anyone else in our class. 他在我們班比其他任何都高。 among other major abstract expressionists were such painters as Clyfford Still, Theodoros Stamos, Adolph Gottlieb, Helen Frankenthaler, Lee Krasner, and Esteban Vicente. Abstract expressionism presented a broad range of stylistic diversity within its largely, though not exclusively, nonrepresentational framework. For example, the expressive violence and activity in paintings by de Kooning or Pollock marked the opposite end of the pole from the simple, quiescent images of Mark Rothko. Basic to most abstract expressionist painting were the attention paid to surface qualities, ., qualities of brushstroke and texture。 also called action painting and the New York school. It was the first important school in American painting to declare its independence from European styles and to influence the development of art abroad. Arshile Gorky first gave impetus to the movement. His paintings, derived at first from the art of Picasso, Mir243。 The daily cost in an average hospital in the United States can run as high as $250 . 在美國普通醫(yī)院的每天的費用可高達 250美元。例如: This book is far more interesting than that one. 這本書比那一本有趣多了。 I can39。學習目標:學習與太空和太空旅游相關(guān)的詞匯;復習間接引語;學習構(gòu)詞法(前綴和后綴及合成和轉(zhuǎn)化);練習使用代詞。 all 在談到兩個以上的人或事物時,或是不可數(shù)的事物時,我們都可以用 all ;它在句中可 以充當主語、賓語、定語和同位語。學習目標:學習與技術(shù)相關(guān)的詞匯;復習 to need 的用法;學習 used to 和 be/get used to 的用法;學習表達因果關(guān)系;學習如何描述技術(shù)問題和建議解決辦法;進一步學習寫電子郵件。 Shall I be interrupting you if I stay here for a while? 要是我在這兒呆一會兒,會干擾你們嗎? 不定式的 完成式 則表示不定式的動作業(yè)已發(fā)生,并 發(fā)生于謂語動作之先 。 We can surely attain our goal as long as we are united as one . 只要我們團結(jié)成一個人,我們肯定能實現(xiàn)我們的目標。 The song was once heard sung in English. (主語補足語)有人曾聽見那首歌被人用英文唱過。 這種表達形式的意義是 分詞動作正在進行;但分詞動作與句子的主語之間是動賓關(guān)系 。 由于分詞有兩種形式,所以分詞作狀語的意義和作用也不盡相同:現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語主要是對謂語動作加以修飾、烘托;過去分詞作狀語主要是說明謂語動作發(fā)生的背景、條件。例如: The cloverleaf intersection being built is designed by a young man . 那座正在興建的立交橋是一位年輕人設(shè)計的。 China has no time to lose to catch up with the developed countries in the world . 中國要分秒必爭地趕上世界的發(fā)達國家。這里 說的與分詞相關(guān)的名詞、代詞要依分詞在句中擔當成分的不同而不同。學習目標:學習與媒體相關(guān)的語言;學習連接詞語的用法;whom 的用法;復習間接引語和引述動詞的用法。 第 22 單元 在本單元中,你將學習了解全球化和技術(shù)發(fā)展對語言使用產(chǎn)生的影響。請看下面兩個填空題的句子: A) I heard my brother ( singing , sung ) in the next room . B) I heard the song ( singing , sung ) in English . 要分清現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分 詞的區(qū)別。 Mother heard her kid opening the door . 媽媽聽見她的孩子在開門。 The letter reaching me today is from my family. (錯誤) The letter that reached me is from my family. (正確) 我今天收到的那封信是我家里寄 來的。 在句子中,對謂語動作而言,分詞動作要相對次要一些 。 If merely drawn on your imagination , the report will not be convincing . 假若僅靠你的想象去寫,報告是不會有說服力的。 I heard my sister singing that song in English outside.