【正文】 因此，協(xié)調(diào)價值鏈中的節(jié)點企業(yè)之間的關(guān)系，相互依存的活動和企業(yè)間的資本轉(zhuǎn)換，首先應(yīng)協(xié)調(diào)和管理，以及管理措施與合作關(guān)系（如合并關(guān)系，關(guān)系和相互關(guān)系的系列）在價值鏈中節(jié)點企業(yè)的活動這些公司之間的不確定性。聯(lián)合促銷策略的基本思想是：核心企業(yè)利用自身優(yōu)勢參與經(jīng)銷商的銷售活動，例如，核心企業(yè)有時更知道如何把產(chǎn)品以刺激消費者的購買欲望。一般來說，在初始階段選定的供應(yīng)商應(yīng)不僅參與零件設(shè)計，但協(xié)助組裝的樣品和電荷的組件提供新產(chǎn)品推后。這個過程包括從最初的供應(yīng)商的整個過程，得到成品原料送到用戶。為了提高企業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略，美國戰(zhàn)略管理學(xué)者波特（ 1985）首次提出了價值鏈分析方法。D of the core enterprise with purchaser is one representation for the core enterprise to participate in the sale, because the core enterprise should perfect the production and design of the produce according to consumers’ demands, even ask the dealer to plete its design, so the new cooperation except for the united sale forms between the core enterprise and the dealer. United pricing Shopkeepers’ retail pricing will directly influence the profit level of the core 8 enterprise. Because the manufacturer hardly control shopkeeper’s pricing, if the pricing of the core enterprise is lower than the shopkeeper’s anticipated profit, and even the retail pricing can make the core enterprise and the shopkeeper acquire maximum channel profit, shopkeeper also will select the pricing from his own maximum profit. However, because they can not acquire maximal integrated profit in the state of noncooperation and can not make their respective profits maximum, so for the pricing, the core enterprise and the shopkeeper have the cooperative game base, and the objective of the cooperation is to reduce the transaction cost of haggling by united pricing and realize the integration of sales pricing. Cooperative cost management with homogenous enterprises The homogenous enterprises mean the enterprises with same benefit objective in the same industry. Generally, the enterprise will consider the cooperation in certain value phase with homogenous enterprises according to the associated and sharing thoughts in the value chain theory. In the cooperation, the enterprise will relegate the part without obvious advantage to homogenous enterprises to pete it, for example, the design of certain ponents, the Ramp。隨著經(jīng)濟全球化的發(fā)展價值體系的概念也被企業(yè)廣泛熟知。 、成本管理與供應(yīng)商合作 從價 值鏈的角度看，核心企業(yè)與供應(yīng)商在同一價值鏈上，他們是戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴。所以以合作企業(yè)為核心的企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略決策的影響越來越重要。為了各自的利益最大化，這些企業(yè)將考慮如經(jīng)營協(xié)會和操作重合同非核心工作的其他企業(yè)的諸多因素，即在價值體系中均勻的合作應(yīng)尋求利益交叉在利益沖突實現(xiàn)雙贏的合作，最大限度地打擾效益價值體系，有效控制成本。對本文的研究做出重要貢獻的個人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標明。在合作中，企業(yè)會將部分沒有明顯的同質(zhì)企業(yè)競爭優(yōu)勢，例如，某個組件的設(shè)計，研發(fā)的某些技術(shù)和同質(zhì)企業(yè)共享銷售渠道。核心企業(yè)與供應(yīng)商將緊密合作解決技術(shù)和成本的問題，而雙方之間的信任關(guān)系將得到確認。同時，企業(yè)也與其他企業(yè)參與產(chǎn)品設(shè)計研究，加強彼此合作，降低企業(yè)的成本。通過研究別人的優(yōu)勢，為價值鏈的系統(tǒng)在市場環(huán)境中和企業(yè)間建立合作關(guān)系的內(nèi)部支撐。D process of the product as soon as possible, but answer for the product quality, production cost and optimization as the chief principals, and they should ensure to provide corresponding systems and ponents in time. Establishment of objective cost The basic principle of the objective cost method is to confirm the objective profit of the enterprise accruing to the price in the consumption market or the final consumers’ payment price, and calculate the cost by the reverse operation to depose the objective cost to confirm the supply cost or the production cost of various ponents. The objective cost of the core enterprise is supplier’s upper limit of the price. The operation program under the new mode is to first confirm the capitals of the core enterprise, then tell the suppliers what they should do, and finally wait suppliers’ answer whether they should bargain on according to the price proposed by the core enterprise. In the past, the core enterprise forced the suppliers to depreciate continually and never considered suppliers’ benefits. In the new mode, the core enterprise will turn to the cost from the price, and build a winwin situation. The core enterprise and suppliers will cooperate closely to solve the problems about cost and technology, and the trust relationship between both sides will be confirmed. Cooperative cost management with dealers It will save transaction costs, avoid transaction risk and investment risk, enhance the efficiency of the repertory management and better serve clients for the manufacturer to select good lower cooperative enterprises and effectively cooperate with them. So the 7 influence of the lower cooperative enterprises on the strategic decision for the core enterprise is more and more important. Cooperative repertory management For long, the repertory managements in various phases of the circulation run in their ways respectively. Manufacture, shopkeeper and merchant respectively have their repertories and make their repertory control strategies, which will inevitably induce the phenomena of “demand expansion”. To share the information about the supply ability and repertory status with dealers can reduce dealers’ worries, and if the manufacturer could help the dealer to make the order before the sales midseason, he will provide better design production ability and arrange production schedule to fulfill the demands of the product. Therefore, for manufacturers and lower enterprises’ benefits, they will consciously adopt the mode of united repertory to realize the alliance of both sides. In the united repertory, the popular mode is CPFR (Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment), . the manufacture and deal cooperate to plan, forecast and plement strategies, or utilize the game behaviors each other to reduce the transaction cost in the cooperation (Zhang, 20xx, amp。根據(jù)波特的價值鏈理論，“價值鏈”的價值活動存在相應(yīng)的價值鏈。所以企業(yè)的優(yōu)勢可以在價值活動所涉及的市場范圍的調(diào)整不僅根，而根在企業(yè)或優(yōu)化效益，運用價 值鏈在一起帶之間的和諧。 建立目標成本 目標成本法的基本原理是確定企業(yè)的價格在消費市場和最終消費者支付的價格帶 來的利潤的目的，和計算成本的逆向操作分解，確定各部件的供應(yīng)成本或生產(chǎn)成本目標成本。 聯(lián)合定價 店主的零售價格將直接影響核心企業(yè)的利潤水平。盡我所知，除文中特別加以標注和致謝的地方外，不包含其他人或組織已經(jīng)發(fā)表或公布過的研究成果，也不包含我為獲得 及其它教育機構(gòu)的 學(xué)位或?qū)W歷而使用過的材料。 Gulati 和 Singh（ 1998）認為，激勵機制，規(guī)范操作程序，解決爭議的，非市場定價系統(tǒng)，和其他適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┛梢钥刂茩C制來管理價值鏈中的企業(yè)之間的關(guān)系。在美國，流行的方式是 CPFR（協(xié)同規(guī)劃，預(yù)測和補貨），即處理制造合作計劃，預(yù)測和補充策略，或利用博弈行為，減少彼此的合作的交易成本 聯(lián)合促銷策略 聯(lián)合促銷策略是一種聯(lián)盟戰(zhàn)略和核心企業(yè)之間的交易，即在經(jīng)銷商的最終銷售階段，經(jīng)銷商和制造商參與銷售按各自的優(yōu)勢，提高消費者的滿意