【正文】 :28:0519:28Feb239Feb23 ? 1越是無能的人，越喜歡挑剔別人的錯(cuò)兒。 。 Kahn Byosiere, 1992) 2. Stressors in anizational life ? There are 2 major types of stressors: Psychological Role ambiguity Role conflict Role overload Ill health is related to monotonous work and sustained vigilance Task content Role Properties Strain A Model of Stress (3 of 7。Warr, 1987) 4. Aspiration ? Someone with high aspiration engages with the environment, establishes goals, and makes efforts to attain them. Aspiration High motivation Alertness to new opportunities Commitment to meet personal challenges The Components of Mental Health (4 of 4。 19:28:0519:28:0519:28Thursday, February 9, 2023 ? 1乍見翻疑夢，相悲各問年。 下午 7時(shí) 28分 5秒 下午 7時(shí) 28分 19:28: ? 楊柳散和風(fēng)，青山澹吾慮。 :28:0519:28:05February 9, 2023 ? 1意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人能把世界放在手中像泥塊一樣任意揉捏。 下午 7時(shí) 28分 5秒 下午 7時(shí) 28分 19:28: ? 沒有失敗，只有暫時(shí)停止成功！。 Kahn Byosiere, 1992) 5. Consequences of stress ? The consequences of stress typically affect the performance of the individual on the job and in other life roles. ? Health and illness ? Organizational effectiveness ? Performance in other life roles A Model of Stress (6 of 7。 Warr, 1987) 5. Environmental clarity ? Feedback about actions ? Clarity of role requirement 6. Availability of money 7. Physical security 8. Opportunity for interpersonal contact 9. Valued social position ? Esteem ? Role membership The Components of Mental Health (1 of 4。 , February 9, 2023 ? 雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。 。 2023年 2月 9日星期四 7時(shí) 28分 5秒 19:28:059 February 2023 ? 1一個(gè)人即使已登上頂峰，也仍要自強(qiáng)不息。 :28:0519:28Feb239Feb23 ? 1世間成事，不求其絕對圓滿，留一份不足，可得無限完美。 reports that challenging job demands or work circumstances produce positive feelings, even though they may be stressful. ? This is consistent with the theoretical distinction that has been made in the general stress literature between eustress and distress. Source: Cavanaugh, M. A., Boswell, W. R., Roehling, M. V., Boudreau, J. W. (2023). An empirical examination of selfreported work stress among US managers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 6574. Is Stress Always Bad (2 of 2)? ? Challenge Stressors ? The number of projects and or assignments I have. ? The amount of time I spend at work. ? The volume of work that must be acplished in the allotted time. ? Time pressures I experience. ? The amount of responsibility I have. ? The scope of responsibility my position entails. ? Hindrance Stressors ? The degree to which politics rather than performance affects anizational decisions. ? The inability to clearly understand what is expected of me on the job. ? The amount of red tape I need to go through to get my job done. ? The lack of job security I have. ? The degree to which my career seems “stalled.” Source: Cavanaugh, M. A., Boswell, W. R., Roehling, M. V., Boudreau, J. W. (2023). An empirical examination of selfreported work stress among US managers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 6574. WorkFamily Conflict (1 of 6) ? Changes in the workforce and in the family domain have renewed interest in the study of workfamily conflict. Familyrelated changes: Increased role for fathers Widespread maternal employment Greater life expectancy Macro level changes: Methods of production Increased technological sophistication Widespread downsizing Changes in the psychological experience of work: