【正文】 n [D] for the purpose 6. [A] reduction [B] destruction [C] deprivation [D] restriction 7. [A] upon [B] by [C] through [D] with 8. [A] paid attention to [B] caught sight of [C] laid emphasis on [D]cast light on 9. [A] develop [B] produce [C] stimulate [D] induce 10. [A] if [B] as if [C] only if [D] if only Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Passage l Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at petitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television licence would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 per cent more. And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twentyseven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. Advertising does more for the material benefit of the munity than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a wellknown television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade. If its message were confined merely to information—and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive—advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the wellknown television personality wants. 11. By the first sentence of the passage the author means that____. [A] he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising [B] everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming [C] advertising costs money like everything else [D] it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising 12. In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising? [A] Securing greater fame. [B] Providing more jobs. [C] Enhancing living standards. [D] Reducing newspaper cost. 13. The author deems that the wellknown TV personality is____. [A] very precise in passing his judgment on advertising [B] interested in nothing but the buyers39。 s characteristics . [C] the development of one39。 and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden fetting can seem to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to fet can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one?s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, fetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the monly gradual process of fetting survived natural selection. In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Fetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without fetting, adaptive ability would suffer。s opinion,____. [A] advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing information [B] advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over [C] there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer [D] the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisement Passage 2 There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts. By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends。 it is likely to bee a major factor in the lives of their children. One place where children soak up Acharacteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly petitive institution. Too many schools adopt the 39。 and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nieenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world?s movement towards industrialization. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “fortable” classes who had retired on their ines, and who had no relation to the rest of the munity except t