【正文】 ,translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the source language message. He also distinguishes dynamic equivalence or functional equivalence from formal equivalence by maintaining that “dynamic equivalence is to be defined in terms of the degree to which the receptor of the message in the receptor language respond to it in substantially the same manner as the receptors in the SL” (Nida and Taber,1969: 24). Eg. 1:西湖在杭州市區(qū)的中部，面積約 平方公里。 it is a part of the situation at the same time as it modifies the situation. Accordingly, he developed the Skopos theory:“Any form of translational action, including therefore translation itself, may be conceived as an action, as the name implies. Any action has an aim, a purpose. The word Skopos, then, is a technical term for the aim or purpose of a translation. Further: An action leads to a result, a new situation or event, and possibly a ?new? object.” (Vermeer, 1989:173) In the theory, the receiver, who is the intended receiver of the TT, bees one of the primary factors that determines the purpose of translation. As a sharp contrast to Reiss?s belief that the ST is a measure of all things in translation, the ST in Vermeer?s Skopos theory is only an “offer of information” which may be partially or wholly transferred to the target audience. (Vermeer, 1982:12) Nord and Her Loyalty Rule Christian Nord introduces the “l(fā)oyalty rule” into functionalism in her effort to defend the functionalist approach against potential accusations. “Function” here refers to the factors that make a TT work in the intended way in the target situation, and “l(fā)oyalty” refers to the interpersonal relationship between the translator, the sourcetext sender, the targettext addresses and the initiator (Nord, 1997:126). By introducing the loyalty principle into the general framework of functional translation theory, Nord manages to find a balance and answer those critics who accuse functionalism of being radical by giving the translator too much freedom to do whatever his or her clients wish to do, because the loyalty principle takes account of the legitimate interests of the three parties involved: the initiator, the target receivers and the original author. If there is any conflict between the interests of the three partners of the translation, the translator has to mediate, and where necessary, to seek the understanding of all sides. 5 The Possibilities of the Functionalist Approach in Tourism Text Translation As a kind of practical writing, tourism texts have clear purposes and functions, so the functionalist theory is quite suitable and can be applied to it. In order to realize the purposes of tourism texts translation, the translated text must meet the conventions of the target language. This paper lays emphasis on the application of the functionalist theory in the translation of tourism translation: 1. Fulfill the intended functions of the source text。它不僅為 旅游文本翻譯提供了理論參考，還豐富了功能翻譯理論的實踐應(yīng)用。作為一個重大突破及對傳統(tǒng)翻譯理論的 補(bǔ)充，德國功能翻譯理論在翻譯理論領(lǐng)域提供了一個全新的研究視角。 旅游文本 。 4. Remove cultural barriers. Then according to these principles, functional translation is selected as the translation strategy which includes literal translation, free translation and domestication. Abundant examples are offered to demonstrate the application of the functionalist theory in translation tourism text. Therefore, the functionalist theory, as a practical form of translation theory, can be applied to the translation of tourism texts. A Brief Introduction of Tourist Text The Classification of Tourist Test Tourism text translation is broad, including dynamic tourist information and static tourist information. The former contains guide, mentary, consulting. shopping guide, conference interpretation, alternate interpretation, simultaneous interpretation。 Situated to the west of Hangzhou, the West Lake area covers square kilometers. The causeways ,bridges, pavilions, springs, trees and flowers in and 8 around the West Lake make it a paradise on earth, where one cannot tear himself away. The original fully reflects the subtleties and beauty of Chinese, but if every word is translated, the translation is bound to long and plicated and does not conform to the characteristics of English scenery. The translation was handled fairly in place, the original fourcharacter idioms cell stack to “the causeways, bridges, pavilions, springs, trees and flowers in and around the West Lake make it a paradise on earth” in attributive clause with main clause “ where one cannot tear himself away”. It expresses the momentum and the charm of the original text in concise。 The park of Guilin is noted for its richness of osmanthus trees. Flowers from these trees in different colors are in full bloom, which cover the whole garden with the fragrance of their blossoms. In translation, the four tree names are omitted and the fourcharacter idioms which are used to modify the color and odor can also be omitted. Thus, the amount of information does not bee less, but a lot of space optimization is reached. : 團(tuán)結(jié)湖北京烤鴨店為全聚德掛爐烤鴨。 Limitations [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 20xx. [8] Vermeer, . Skopos and Commission in Translational Action, Translated by Andrew Chesterman. The Translation Studies Reader [M]. Edited by Lawrence Venuti, Mona Baker, London and New York: Routledge, 20xx. [9] 馮慶華 . 實用翻譯教程 [M]. 上海：上海外語教育出版， 1997. [10] 胡壯麟 . 語言學(xué)概論 [M]. 北京：北京出版社， 20xx. [11] 劉宓慶 . 翻譯基礎(chǔ) [M]. 上海：華東師范大學(xué)出版， 20xx. [12] 金惠康 . 跨文化旅游翻譯 [M]. 北京：中國對外翻譯出版公司， 20xx. 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