【正文】 of consumption. Large projects involving a wide range of influencing factors, and construction cycles, policy changes, materials and equipment prices, large fluctuations in market supply and demand and so on. . To improve the quality of the construction, control project cost, investment returns to play, it is necessary to the implementation phase of the project to strengthen project management and oversight functions in order to enhance the full range of construction projects, the whole process of cost control. Due to the plexity of construction projects, the impact of factors of variability of the characteristics of the implementation phase of projects often have some unexpected costs. First, the effective control of engineering change and economic access at the project site construction projects, engineering and onsite visa change is inevitable, but there is capacity to control. During the construction plans in order to prevent loopholes in the design, with the exception of the audit checks should Party B in a joint hearing of the drawings, the technical advice and design to eliminate, in a word, should be started prior to the eradication of the. Design changes should be advanced as far as possible, change occurred earlier, the smaller the loss, the greater the contrast. To this end, the design of change management must be strengthened as much as possible the design change control early in the design phase, in particular the impact of the project cost for major design changes, but also to use accounts after the first solution to change, so that the effective control of project cost. Second, a rigorous examination of the budget in accordance with construction plan the progress of the construction design plans and the actual progress of the construction site, construction plans approved budget in time. third, indepth at the scene to collect the relevant information and master the construction of the project construction process, pretrial and the cost of price control officers often go to the construction site, see construction of the control drawings, sometimes with the supervision, the general contractor and construction personnel in an informal discussion, understanding, the collection of project information, timely information on developments on site。　二、控制建設(shè)項(xiàng)目工程造價(jià)的措施　　建設(shè)工程造價(jià)的有效控制就是在投資決策階段、設(shè)計(jì)階段、工程發(fā)包階段、合同實(shí)施階段把建設(shè)工程造價(jià)的發(fā)生額控制在批準(zhǔn)的工程造價(jià)限額以內(nèi)，隨時(shí)糾正發(fā)生的偏差，保證項(xiàng)目投資目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)，以求在各個(gè)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目中能夠合理地使用人力、物力、財(cái)力取得較好的投資效益，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)使竣工決算控制在審定的概算額內(nèi)，避免“三超”現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生，為了有效控制工程造價(jià)，應(yīng)做好以下幾方面工作：（一）決策階段工程造價(jià)的控制　　工程造價(jià)的確定與控制貫穿于項(xiàng)目建設(shè)全過程，但決策階段各項(xiàng)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)決策，對(duì)該項(xiàng)目的工程造價(jià)有得大影響，特別是建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水平的確定、建設(shè)地點(diǎn)的選擇、工藝的評(píng)選、設(shè)備選用等，直接關(guān)系到工程造價(jià)的高低。主要工藝要進(jìn)行多方案比較，方案要優(yōu)化，設(shè)計(jì)方案不僅技術(shù)上可行，而且經(jīng)濟(jì)上更應(yīng)合理。所謂限額設(shè)計(jì)就是按照批準(zhǔn)的可行性研究報(bào)告的投資估算控制初步設(shè)計(jì)，按照批準(zhǔn)的初步設(shè)計(jì)總概算控制技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)和施工圖設(shè)計(jì)，同時(shí)各專業(yè)在保證達(dá)到使用功能的前提下，按分配的投資限額控制設(shè)計(jì)，嚴(yán)格控制不合理變更，保證總投資額不被突破。有效控制工程變更和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)簽證　　在工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目中，工程變更和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)簽證是不可避免的，但要進(jìn)行有