外文翻譯-如何搞好建設(shè)項目的工程造價控制-免費閱讀
【正文】 嚴(yán)格審核工程施工圖預(yù)算 根據(jù)施工圖設(shè)計的進(jìn)度計劃和現(xiàn)場施工的實際進(jìn)度，及時核定施工圖預(yù)算。（三）實施階段工程造價的控制 工程項目的實施階段是建筑物實體形成階段，是人力、物力、財力消耗的主要階段。國外專家指出，雖然設(shè)計費用占工程總投資的比例很小，不到1%，但它對工程造價的影響程度達(dá)到75%。投資估算是基本建設(shè)前期工作中的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一。統(tǒng)計資料顯示，在項目決策階段及設(shè)計階段，影響建設(shè)項目造價的可能性為30%75%，而在實施階段影響建設(shè)項目造價的可能性僅為5%25%。 to assist owners in a timely manner due to design changes to audit, onsite cost of visas, etc., and adjust the control objectives, and for the eventual settlement of the project to provide a basis and make the necessary preparations. Third, at the end of the construction project cost control and investment in the determination of the substance of the principle is the use of science and technology and economic and legal means to address the construction activities of technical and economic, business and management of practical problems, only in the various phases of project construction, the use of scientific methods and realistic valuation of the valuation basis, a reasonable estimate of investment, the preliminary design of the budget estimates and working drawings in order to improve investment returns. References: Joel Dean 《Capital budget》。據(jù)有關(guān)資料統(tǒng)計，在項目建設(shè)各大階段中，投資決策階段影響工程造價的程度最高，即達(dá)到8090%。所以工程經(jīng)濟(jì)人員從建設(shè)方案的優(yōu)選開始，就應(yīng)該滲透到設(shè)計的全過程中去，按照工程造價管理的原則，合理預(yù)測投資估算中各種動態(tài)因素的變化，盡可能打足投資不留缺口，這是編制投資估算工作的關(guān)鍵，也是下階段的重要依據(jù)。初步設(shè)計階段應(yīng)按照批準(zhǔn)的可行性研究階段的投資估算進(jìn)行限額設(shè)計，控制概算不超過投資估算，主要是對工程是和設(shè)備、材質(zhì)的控制。為防止在施工圖設(shè)計中產(chǎn)生漏洞，除在審核時把關(guān)外，還應(yīng)在甲乙方的圖紙會審、設(shè)計院的技術(shù)咨詢中消除，總之，應(yīng)消滅在開工之前。Harry Markowitz 《Modern Portfolio Theory》。由于建設(shè)工程的復(fù)雜性，影響因素的多變性的特點，工程實施階段往往會出現(xiàn)一些意想不到的費用。對工程項目實行限額設(shè)計 控制工程造價，在設(shè)計過程中采用限額設(shè)計。投資估算必須是設(shè)計的真實反映，在投資估算中，應(yīng)該實事求是的反映設(shè)計內(nèi)容，這就要求設(shè)計人員從工程規(guī)模和項目內(nèi)容上真實反映設(shè)計意圖。因此做好工程造價的控制工作，對保證和加速思經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有一定意義。附錄1How to improve construction project cost control A construction project the importance of cost control of construction project cost control of projects through the entire process, that is, decisionmaking phase of the project, the project design stage, project implementation and pletion stages of phase related to the construction project cost control. Statistics show that the decisionmaking stage in the project and design stage, the impact of the possibility of project cost 30% 75%, and in the implementation phase of the impact of the possibility of project cost is only 5% 25%. It is obvious that the key to cost control is the implementation of the project prior to decisionmaking and the design phase of the project, the project is the deciding factor in decisionmaking, and is a key factor in design. Control project cost not only to prevent breakthrough investment limit, meaning a more active is to promote the construction, engineering, and design units to strengthen the management of human, material and financial resources with limited resources can be fully utilized to obtain the best economic and social benefits . So do a good job in project cost control, to ensure a
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