有機合成氧化ppt課件(完整版)
【正文】 H 3Ⅰ 催化氧化與催化脫氫 ? 二、催化脫氫 ? 催化脫氫 有機物在催化劑的作用下，受熱分解脫去一分子的氫。 ? 均相催化劑：乙酸鈷，丁酸鈷，乙酸錳 Ⅰ 催化氧化與催化脫氫 ? 非均相催化氧化 反應(yīng)物蒸氣與氧氣接觸，通過固體催化劑。作為高能燃料有 90%，有機過氧化物制備常用過氧化氫。 ? 酸性介質(zhì)中：側(cè)鏈氧化為酸 ? 中性介質(zhì)中：可使側(cè)鏈保留碳數(shù)氧化 ? 弱酸性介質(zhì)：不是將側(cè)鏈氧化而是氧化得到醌。 O HOOO HO H O HF e C l 3 / C H 3 O H N溴代丁二酰亞胺類 ? 是一類選擇性較強的氧化劑，并且選擇性與溶劑的關(guān)。 hindered alcohols show a reduced activity. Fetizon’s Regent Fetizon found that reaction of primary alcohol give excellent yields of the corresponding aldehyde when silver carvonate is condensed on Celite. Silver (I) oxide Selective oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids. Example Silver (II) oxide Silver (II) oxide can convert aldehyde or alcohols to carboxylic acids. The isomerization of conjugated double bond is avoided. Other oxidation regents DessMartin periodinane oxidation Mild oxidizing regent for converting alcohols or aldehydes to ketones under neutral condition. Example Oxidation with oxammonium salt This regent is patible for the mild oxidation of many alcohols, including alipharic primary and secondary as well as allylic and benzylic alcohol. One group disconnections CM eM e C NO HM eM eOCM eM eC NO HN a C NH +Example CP hM eO HC C HH C C HN aL i q u i d N H 3P hM eOH C C CP hM eO HC C HExample P hP hO HP hP hO HC O 2 E t2 P h M g B r+C O 2 E t+C O 2 E tExample B r+O HO Ho rH C C H1 . N a , L i q u i d , N H 32 . a c e t o n eO HH 2 , P d CB a S O 4O HH B rB rExample OO1 . B a s e , C H 2 O2 . B a s e , C H 2 OH OH OH 2 P d CB a S O 4H OO HA c e t o n eH+OO1. Epoxides from halohydrins Halohydrins can be synthesized by the reaction of alkenes and hypohalous. Subsequent
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