【正文】 wable tolerance for variation (. +/ cm) How far the data is distributed away from their mean. Consistency of measurement values obtained with the same gauge on the same set of parts, with measurements taken at different times. Gauge instability can lead to calibration issues. A statistical measure of spread or dispersion from a mean value. Standard Error of the Mean … Standard Normal Deviate …… Standard Order ……………… Star Point(s) …………………… Statistical Problem …………… Statistical Process Control … Statistical Solution …………… Statistics ……………………… Stepwise Regression ………… Structure Tree ……………… The standard deviation of xbar, based on a sample size of n. (Also a correction factor for standard deviation of relatively small sample sizes (30).) Reduces the standard deviation of the sample by sqrt(n). SEM = s/sqrt(n). See “Z transform”. A feature of factorial Design of Experiments (DoE) that determines the order of the high/low settings of the X?s for each run of an experiment by using a predetermined pattern of +1?s and 1?s for each X. Extreme test points in a Central Composite Design of Experiments. Found by taking the fourth root of the number of ?Cube points? (factorial points) in the design and adding/subtracting this value from the Centre Point. The oute of the Analyze phase. Is the problem centring, spread or both? SPC. A graphical method of monitoring a process and determining statistically when the process requires attention by paring it to a historical mean and calculated control limits at +/ 3 sigma. Output of the Improve phase. Where do the X?s need to be set to control the Y? The study of variation, including methods of describing, quantifying and reducing variation, as well as estimating risks. A regression technique where the model is developed one step at a time, adding X variables one at a time to the model in order of their contribution to changes in Y. A problem solving tool listing the characteristics of interest on one side of the page, and showing contributing factors to the characteristics as branches. Subgroup ……………………… Sustained Process Capability ttest …………………………… Target ………………………… Technical Requirement ……… Test Sensitivity (d/s) ………… Tolerance ……………………… TOP (Total Opportunities) …… Transfer ……………………… Transform …………………… Trivial Many X?s ……………… UCL (Upper Control Limit) …… Unit …………………………… A sample of like parts or related data taken consecutively that contains only inherent process variation (?white noise?) Capability of a process in the long term A statistical test used to pare two means, or to pare a mean to a standard value. The specified or desired average of a process Physical or process characteristic that must be controlled to address a Consumer Cue also known as “The Gap”. A statistic used to determine sample size for hypothesis testing. Compares the difference in means to the spread of the data. The amount of variation allowable by design in a process. Tolerance = USLLSL. Number of opportunities per unit times the number of units. The last phase of a Six Sigma project, where knowledge gained is transferred to all other similar processes ie synergy. Any mathematical relationship used to translate data of one space into data of another space (. transforms to convert nonnormal data to normal data。 reduces correlation between X?s. A fundamental statistical theorem stating that the distribution of averages of a characteristic tends to be normal, even when the parent population is highly nonnormal. Central Composite Design …… Champion ………………………… Champion Review ……………… ChiSquared test ………………… Classical Yield …………………… Common Cause Variation ……… Components Search …………… Confidence ……………………… Confidence Interval ……………… Consumer ………………………… Continuous Data ………………… A Design of Experiments (DoE) method where each X is tested at 5 levels (see ?Star Points?). A CCD provides the capability to model a process with a quadratic equation OR a linear equation. Typically a director someone who can support the Six Sigma project and has the authority to remove barriers and provide resources. Takes an active part in Project Review. A regular meeting to present Six Sigma projects, share experiences and remove roadblocks. Hypothesis test for discrete data. Evaluates the probability that counts in different cells are dependent on one another, or tests Goodness of Fit to some a priori probability distribution. See “First Pass Yield”. Good units produced divided by Total Units Produced. See “White Noise”. The inherent variation of a process, free from external influences. Usually measured over a short time period. A method of screening for Vital Few X?s in manufactured assemblies. Also known as ?Part Swapping?. The plement of alpha risk. Confidence = 1a. A range of plausible values for a population parameter, such as mean or standard deviation. The end user of a product (the homeowner, for .). The consumer is external to the business. Data that can be meaningfully broken down into smaller and smaller increments . length, temperature etc.) Contour Plot ………………… Control Limits ……………… Cost of Quality ……………… Cp …………………………… Cpk …………………………… CQ …………………………… CTQ ………………………… Cube Plot …………………… Customer …………………… Data Window …………………