【正文】 ent of correct behavior.29. A policy typically contains a. parameters to constrain behavior, not specific rules. b. nothing but explicit, unambiguous terminology. c. a sequence of steps to follow for approved decision making. d. specific rules.30. Whenever possible, we promote from within is an example of which of the following? a. rule b. procedure c. policy d. nonprogrammed decision31. Only employees with topsecret clearance may enter the sealed room, is an example of a a. rule. b. procedure. c. policy. d. nonprogrammed decision.32. As managers move up the organizational hierarchy, problems are more likely to bee a. wellstructured. b. illstructured. c. programmed. d. nonprogrammed.33. A conceptual style of decisionmaking reflects an individual who a. thinks intuitively and has a low tolerance for ambiguity. b. thinks rationally and has a high tolerance for ambiguity. c. thinks intuitively and has a high tolerance for ambiguity. d. thinks rationally and has a low tolerance for ambiguity.34. Peggy Juarez uses a decisionmaking style characterized by low tolerance for ambiguity and a rational way of thinking. They generally turn out to be fast decisions of a short run nature. What style does Peggy use?a. analyticb. conceptualc. directived. behavioral35. Which of the following is not true about group decisions? a. Group decisions are faster. b. Group decisions tend to be more accurate. c. Group decisions are more creative. d. Group decisions are more widely accepted.36. Group decisions will usually be Superior to individual decisions when a. speed is a concern. b. accuracy is critical. c. minimizing the tendency of groupthink is important d. flexibility is needed.37. Which of the following is NOT an example of a situation in which groupthink occurs? a. Group members rationalize any resistance to the assumptions they have made. b. Group members apply direct pressure on those who express doubts. c. Group members avoid openly showing lack of consensus. d. Group members question those who are silent and try to sway them.38. Bounded rationality differs from the rational model in that decision makers: a. act irrationally. b. focus on easytofind choices. c. seek advice from employees. d. act outside the boundaries set by their organizations.39. Which of the following is not a method by which group decision making can be improved a. brainstorming b. nominal group technique c. groupthink d. electronic meetings40. The basic premise for the decisionmaking model is that individuals differ along two dimensions a. degree of risk preference and position within the organizational hierarchy. b. experience and munication skills. c. way they think and tolerance for ambiguity. d. personality and attention to detail.Chapter Five: Basic Organization DesignsMultiple Choice Questions1. Determining where decisions are made in the organization39。s petencies with its environmental forces b. Sometimes involves industrial espionage tactics c. Occurs during the mission statement formulation d. Is most useful for helping an organization sustain its petitive28. The type of organizational strategy that emphasized increasing market share or the level of an organization39。s goals.35. The organizing function of management includes a. how tasks are to be grouped. b. conflict resolution among subordinates. c. parison of actual results with a budget. d. definition of an organization39。s performance. c. paring actual results with plans. d. establishing an organization39。s Company is which of the following? a. strength b. weakness c. opportunity d. threat27. SWOT analysis a. Matches the organization39。s thinking in one general direction. b. hierarchy of authority relationships in an organization. c. series of interrelated sequential steps for problem solving. d. collection of explicit statements about what a manager can or cannot do.28. A rule is BEST described by which of the following? a. A general guideline designed to direct a manager39。s resources into his business. This is an example of which of the following types of strategies? a. merger b. stability c. retrenchment d. acquisition31. Strategy formulation involves__________. a. developing and evaluating a set of alternative strategies b. evaluating a set of alternative strategies and selecting the best for each level c. selecting a strategy that will increase the level of operations d. pleting a SWOT analysis32. Susan39。s managerial roles, which of the following statements is MOST accurate? a. Managers perform essentially different roles in different types of organizations. b. Managers perform essentially different roles at different levels of an organization. c. The emphasis managers give the various roles differs with various organizational levels. d. Roles of figurehead, disseminator, and liaison seem to be most appropriate for firstline managers.39. Which of the following statements is LEAST correct? a. Regardless of the organizational level, managers perform essentially the same functions. b. Most managerial functions are the same throughout the world. c. Small or large organizations perform essentially the same functions. d. The entrepreneurial role is more prevalent in small organizations than in large ones.40. Management is BEST described as the process of a. personally pleting tasks in an efficient manner. b. efficiently pleting tasks with the help of others. c. using scarce resources to minimize output. d. organizing activities over a long period of time.Chapter Three: Foundations of PlanningMultiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following is not included in the definition of planning? a. Define the organization’s objectives or goals. b. Establish an overall strategy for achieving these objectives or goals. c. Alloc