【正文】 ty (4) high applicability and (5) low cost pared with water diversions。km3Water Cycle in NCP Hydrologic Detention pMajor features of NCP’s water resources Strategic measures:5. To enhance and to work out integration of agronomic and engineering measures (or engineering nonengineering) to form watersaving agriculture systems。understanding7. To resolve water shortage problem, biotech has a prosperity advantages:(1) high reliability for water saving。 3. Agriculture can use allkind of water, including “green and blue waters”and recycling water and unconventional water as well。irrigationDitchsurfaceBorderpipeWatersystemsLinedRegulatedtechnologyWatersavingwellsystemInterface‘Watersaving agriculture’ is a plex system involving agronomic and hydraulic engineering techniques in the integrated management of water, soil and crop resources. Only when watersaving agriculture is considered as an integrated system can prehensive watersaving measures be properly evaluated and applied. pDiscussions of some ideas of watersaving:Agriculture Watersaving systemsRational exploitation and utilization of water resourcesIrrigation engineering and techniquesAgronomic watersaving practicesWatersaving management measuresAgriculture Watersaving System plexFour subsystems context 3. agricultural watersaving system Rational exploitation and utilization of water resourcesEffective use of precipitationFivewater interaction mechanismsUtilization of low quality waterRainwatermaizeevaporationSummer maizeWinter wheatWheatindexMatureGrainfillingAnathesisStemelongationRecoveragePredormancyGrowingoptiosphysologicalwaterrechargeVariationuptakemovementnWaterevaporationPhysicaldepthSoilwaterPrecipitationVegetationInterceptionAlbedoBiomassLAISpatialDirectstomaecologicalof n = 5， bination = 1：(植物對三水轉(zhuǎn)化的影響 )；(5)RS(土壤水對徑流影響 )(1)PR(降雨徑流 )； =subsystemfluctuateddataaNationalgroundwater(thefromaveragedLetters. Groundwater depletion a worldwide issueThe NCP is one of the four regions which have serious issues of groundwater depletionNCPGroundwater(mmandregionsto1960sthetheleadinhitnationalannualthanyearsMain Water issues: Rapid development Irrigated area in NCP from 1949 to 2023Attribution: Climate change impact as warming uppMain Water issues: Rapid development Water stress from increased water demand: increased water consumption per capita.pwaterfeaturesindexwaterNCP’saridityin the climate transition zone. pMajorChina’sresourcesSummary ? NCP is the most water shortage area in China as per capita water 300 m3 only.? Total water withdrawal: 37 km3 / a(2023) exceeding available water? Overdrawing groundwater has resulted in aquifer water depletion as a water crisis ? Agricultural water use about km3 / a(2023), making up about % of total withdrawal ? Watersaving is very crucial Attribution: Water stress from rapid development: Current GDP growth is speeding up incuding NCP regionpal.)The NCP has a population of about billion, accounting for 12% of China’s total