農(nóng)業(yè)水資源-wenkub
2023-01-20 03:01:51 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 ing from less than m3 in 1959, to more than m3 in 1995, and to more than m3 in 2023 Attribution: Water stress from increased water demand. Irrigation demand approached a limit.pofresourcesSummary ? NCP is the most water shortage area in China as per capita water 300 m3 only.? Total water withdrawal: 37 km3 / a(2023) exceeding available water? Overdrawing groundwater has resulted in aquifer water depletion as a water crisis ? Agricultural water use about km3 / a(2023), making up about % of total withdrawal ? Watersaving is very crucial Attribution: Water stress from rapid development: Current GDP growth is speeding up incuding NCP regionpfeaturesChina’swaterin the climate transition zone. pMajoraridityofNCP’sSymposium on Environmental Changes and Efficient Use of Agricultural Resources, (Oct. 21~22, 2023, Shijiazhuang, China)Agricultural water saving studies for a sustainable water management in the North China Plain (NCP)Changming LiuAgricultural Resources Research Center, CASKey Lab, IGSNRR, CAS, Water Science College BNU Outline p Major features of NCP’s water resourcesp Main Water issues: rapid socialeconomic development and climate changep Agricultural watersaving: the highlightsp Discussions of some ideas of watersavingp Agricultural watersaving: Policy Countermeasuresp MajorwaterNCP’sindextofeaturesresourcesAnnual evapotraspiratiom in mmAverage annual evapotrnspiration from 1951 to 2023 calculated by the Budyko hypothesis.pMajorwaterofMain Water issues: Rapid development Water stress from increased water demand: increased water consumption per capita.pChinaMain Water issues: Rapid development Irrigated area in NCP from 1949 to 2023Attribution: Climate change impact as warming upp℃ yearsanChinathanChinaAttribution: impact of precipitation declinepannualtonational60hit82inconsumptionleaddecreasethelastthefrom1960sduringto90%.The streamflow into Bohai sea in the last half centuryGroundwaterregionsEurope,andfor(mmetLetters. Groundwater depletion a worldwide issueThe NCP is one of the four regions which have serious issues of groundwater depletionNCPGroundwaterNCPaveraged2023fromof(thetogroundwaterrecordedNationaltheaTerrestrialdataAcademyfluctuatedwatersubsystem=10:(1)PR(降雨徑流 )； (4)PV(植物截留降水 )；(5)RS(土壤水對(duì)徑流影響 ) (植物對(duì)三水轉(zhuǎn)化的影響 )；(4)VPRG n = 5， bination = 1：(五水轉(zhuǎn)化 ),of2. interface control of water fluxes IGBP BAHC, 1997Expanded “SPAC” Basic equation:Boundaries: Air and aquifer To couple air water and groundwater IA=++(Rs+Tr)+ecologicalyieldWUE:stomadroughtDirectofPrecipitationVegetationInterceptionAlbedoBiomassLAISpatialheightLeafwateranddepthSoilheatevaporationPhysicalwateruptakemovementnWatertensionrechargeVariationSystemsATMCROPSoilG SPACRunoff InfiltrationLateral FlowSoil Layer 1Soil Layer nEvaporationTranspirationInterceptionOverstoreyUnderstoreyTranspirationGround SurfaceSoil moistureETseepageWater balance+waterexploitationprecipitationThroughfullinterfacephysologicalvarietiesoptiosLeafAtmospherecontrol60%65%70%65%55%SoilGrainfillingSpinningStemelongationSeedlingGrowingindexMa
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