【正文】 Ulysses(描述一天的生活)。 ① Probably around 1200 .， a war was fought between Greece and troy. This is the war that Homer refers to in his epics.　?、?Greek culture reached a high point of development in the 5th century .　　A. The successful repulse of the Persian invasion (入侵) early in the 5th century.　　B. The establishment of democracy.　　C. The flourishing (蒸蒸日上的) of science， philosophy， literature， art and historical writing in Athens.　?、?The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta.　　④ In the second half of the 4th century .， Greece was conquered by Alexander， king of Macedon. Whenever he went and conquered， whenever Greek culture was found.　?、?Melting between Greek culture and Roman culture in 146 .， the Romans conquered Greece.　　三、How did the Ancient Greek philosophy develop？　　答：　　(1)、Three founders　　Pythagoras① All things were numbers.　?、?Scientific mathematics.　?、?Theory of 　　Heraclitus① Fire is the primary(主要的) elements of the 　　② The theory of the mingling of opposites produced 　　Democritus① the atomic 　?、?　　(2)、Three thinkers　　Socrates①He hadn‘t works. We can know him from Plato’s dialogues.　?、赥he dialectical method was established by Socrates.　　Plato①The Academy is the first school in the world， it was established by Plato.　　②He has four works. Dialogues， Apology， Symposium and Republic.　　Aristotle①The Lyceum is the second school in the world， it was established by Aristotle.　　②Aristotle is a humanist.　　(2)、Five contending schools　　The Sophists詭辯派　?、賃nder the leadership of Protagoras.　?、赥he representative of work is On the 　　③His doctrine教義 is “man is the measure of all things”。　　1Genesis名詞解釋Genesis is one of the five books in Pentateuch， it tells about a religious account (描述) of the origin of the Hebrews people， including the origin of the world and of man， the career (經(jīng)歷) of Issac and the life of Jacob and his son Joseph.　　1Exodus名詞解釋Exodus is one of the five books in Pentateuch， it tells about a religious (宗教的) history of the Hebrews during their flight from Egypt， the period when they began to receive God‘s Law. Joshua brought the people safely back to canaan.　　The Fall of Man was recorded in Genesis， Pentateuch， the Old Testament， The Bible.　　2Noah‘s Ark was recorded in Genesis， Pentateuch， the Old Testament， The Bible.　　2The Historical Books was divided into seven sections：？　?、貰ooks of Joshua ② Books of Judges ③ Books of Samuel ④ Books of Kings　　⑤ Books of the Chronicles ⑥ Books of Ezra ⑦ Books of Nehemiah.　　2The content of historical Books： . 586 .　　Dealing with history of the Hebrew people from their entry into Palestine around 1200 .， till the fall of Palestine into hands of Assyrians and Chaldeans in 586 .　　2The History Books的內(nèi)容　?、?The development of system of landed nobles.　?、?The development of monarchy. 君主專制　　③ Establishment of the two Kingdoms. 兩大王國的初步形成　　④ (略看) The settlement in the highlands　?、?(略看) Age of great prosperity under Saul， David and Solomon.　　2Joshua brought the people safely back to Canaan.　　2The first king to unite the Hebrews was Saul.　　2David established religious capital， Jerusalem to Palestine.　　2The Prophets (先知)名詞解釋 宣傳教義并受神靈庇佑的人　　For more than a thousand years in the Middle East there had been a class of people known as “Prophets” or the spokesmen of God. Earlier prophets lived in groups as temple officials. Later on there appeared in dependent prophet. The Prophets can be grouped into the Major Prophets and Minor Prophets.(分為大小先知)　　2The Book of Daniel名詞解釋　　The Book of Daniel belongs to The Old Testament of the Bible. It tells about the Hebrews being carried away into Babylon.　　The former body of church was known as Synagogues. 猶太教的會堂是教堂的前身　　3The Pentateuch is the book of Daniel is also called torah. 摩西五經(jīng)的別稱　　3 The story about God‘s flooding to the human being and only goodvirtue being saved was recorded in Genesis， Pentateuch， the Old Testament， the Bible， which was known as Noah’s Ark.　　3By 300 local church was called a parish and had a full time leader known as a priest.　　3Several parishes were grouped together into a large unit called diocese， which was headed by a bishop.　　3The most important bishops were called archbishops. (紅衣大主教)　　3 Towards the end of the fourth century four accounts were accepted as part of the New Testament， which tells the beginning of Christianity.　　3The Birth of Jesus was recorded in Matthew (馬塞福音書)　　3All the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen 　　3The Last Supper was recorded in John.　　The Last Supper was put into an oil painting by Da Vinci in the high renaissance in Italy.　　文藝復(fù)興以人為本的標(biāo)志蒙娜麗莎4The Last Supper adapted from ， the New Testament， the Bible.　　4The story about Jesus being betrayed by Judas was known as The Last Supper.　　4The story about Jesus being pinned (釘死) in the cross to death was known as The Last Supper.　　4 The first English version of whole Bible was translated from the Latin Vulgate in 1382 and was copied out by hand by the early group of reformers (改革者) led by John Wycliff.　　4Wycliff 與 Tyndale 的區(qū)別是：語言來源不同　　Reformation (宗教改革) 為了 against the Latin language.　　4William Tyndale‘s version was based on the original Hebrew and Greek 　　論述簡答the Middle ages名詞解釋　　In European history， the thousandyear period following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century is called the Middle Ages.　　The middle ages is so called because it came between ancient times and modern times. To be specific (具體說來)， from the 5th century to 15th century.　　The transitional (過渡時期) period is called the middle ages， between ancient times and modern times.　　The transitional (過渡時期) period is called the 17th century， between the middle ages and modern times.　　In 476 . a Germanic (日耳曼) general killed the last Roman emperor and took control of the government. 西窗體頂端窗體