初中英語(yǔ)人教版知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 t. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種類型 1）主語(yǔ)句中有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如： He saw her in the shop yesterday. She was seen in the shop yesterday. 2) 主語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Li Lei gave me a chemistry book. I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei. A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei. 3）主動(dòng)句中含賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 的句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 若賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是不帶 to 的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，該不定式前要加 to。再次，several times告知為反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 There are so many kinds of taperecorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to ，我都拿不定主意買哪一種。 I found him lying on the ground. I found it important to learn. I found that to learn English is important. 典型例題 : The next morning she found the man ___ in bed， dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 答案： ，用分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)，起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)作用。 4) there be+不定式 believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand We didn’t expect there to be so many people 哪里。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們?nèi)魏螙|西，這顯得太自私了。如： You are nice. (通順，所以應(yīng)用 of)。 Stand up ! 起立！ Don39。 What 用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞， How則強(qiáng)調(diào)形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。 4) 感嘆句（ Exclamatory Sentence） 感嘆句表示說(shuō)話人的喜悅、氣憤、驚訝等強(qiáng)烈的情緒。t + 動(dòng)詞原形，或是 Not to + 動(dòng)詞原形。 for 與 of 的辨別方法： 用介詞后面的代詞作主語(yǔ)，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語(yǔ)，造個(gè)句子。 2) It’s very kind of you to help us. 他幫助我們，他真好。而 C 為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，發(fā)明為點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞一般不用完成時(shí)，且此處也不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，因此不選 C。 find后也可帶一個(gè)從句。 I want you to speak to Tom. 我想讓你和湯姆談話。 He slept until ten o’clock. 他一直睡到 10點(diǎn)。 ) 小竅門： 當(dāng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) +一段時(shí)間，這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，我們用下面的公式轉(zhuǎn)化，很容易就能排除非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)中的誤使。 (2) Have you ____ been to our town before? No, it’s the first time I ___ here. A. even, e B. even, have e C. ever, e D. ever, have e 答案 D. ever意為曾經(jīng)或無(wú)論何時(shí)，反意詞為 never，此兩詞常用于完成時(shí)。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客觀安排 ) I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主觀安排 ) 7. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái) 1）下列動(dòng)詞： e, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。 a. 主語(yǔ)的意圖，即將做某事。 ) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去 ) 注意： 用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。 Where did you go just now? 2）表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 例： Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示 ’寧愿某人做某事 ’ I’d rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過(guò)去時(shí)，作試探性的詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等。 Mother used not to be so fetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (過(guò)去常常散步 ) be used to + doing： 對(duì) …… 已感到習(xí)慣 ，或 習(xí)慣于 ， to 是介詞，后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) be +不定式表將來(lái)，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 When Bill es (不是 will e), ask him to wait for me. I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 4）在動(dòng)詞 hope, take care that, make sure
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