會計學(xué)外文翻譯：中國建筑行業(yè)的成本控制-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)(存儲版)
【正文】 as using a special type of plant or skilled tradesmen to speed up production or reduce the tender price. As a result, the winwin situation wherein the Developer can obtain the best price from the lowest tender and an efficient and petent tenderer can win a tender by putting in the lowest bid cannot be achieved and this is not in line with the rules of the international petitive market. In February 2020, The Code of valuation with bill (of) quantity of construction works (GB50500 – 2020) was published jointly by The Ministry of Housing and Urban – Rural Development (MOHURD) and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. A new 2020 version, which includes additional guidelines on other contract administration practices such as variations, claims and dispute resolution was subsequently issued in July 2020 for use, superceding the 2020 edition. The Code sets out the rules and procedures to regulate the preparation of bills of quantities on the basis of drawings, specifications and other requirements and site conditions. This mirrors generally the overseas methods of producing bills of quantities. The Bill of Quantities contains sections of work items and these are generally to be priced by‘AllInRates’ which have to be inclusive of all costs of labour, materials, plant, management,risks plus profit and taxes etc. The Code requires that tender documents for all medium and large sized construction projects which are funded wholly or partly by the Government to be based on Bills of Quantities prepared according to this document. All construction projects using bills of quantities as the basis of obtaining tenders have tofollow the Code in the preparation of pretender estimates, tendering prices, determination ofthe contract sum and adjustments and the project final account. The benefits of using Bills of Quantities, as have been practiced overseas, are: Bills of Quantities allow tenderers a uniform basis (the same set of work items with quantities prepared by the Owner) on which to prepare a petitive tender. No risk to the tenderers of under measurement as subsequent adjustment for differences with actual quantities is allowed. Sound basis for valuation of variations. Sound basis for interim payments. Sound basis for final accounts. Good cost data (codified items ease analyses) This is a major reform in construction cost assessment as it encourages the industry playersto formulate their tender prices on their own, based on their resources, management efficiency and by making reference to petitive market prices and rates. It is noted, however, that not all contractors have the knowledge, analyses and data of their own resources or management. Therefore some tenders are still being priced by tenders using an estimate of the labour and material content and pricing those using rates from the published norm, some tenderers are using the labour and material contents from the norm together wit
畢業(yè)設(shè)計相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號-1