【正文】 此結(jié)構(gòu)可擴(kuò)展為一狀語(yǔ)從句； where the constitution of the Cherokee Nation was drafted in 1827 it provided for a chief executive a senate, and a house of representatives. 4. 現(xiàn)在分詞表達(dá)主動(dòng)的概念；過去分詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)的概念 全真例題分析 (1) Tudging to be the best boxer of his time, sugar Ray Robinson lost only 3 out of 137 fights () [答案 ] A 此分詞短語(yǔ)與其邏輯上的主語(yǔ) sugar Ray Robinson 是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系（ Sugar was judged to be…) 故應(yīng)用過去詞 Tudped to be. (2) During the Colonial days, the Iroquois had an agricultural economy basing mainly on corn with supplementary crops of pumpkins ,beans, and tobacco. () [答案 ] B 通常我們說 to be based on ，這個(gè)短語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)概念（基于，以 … 為基礎(chǔ)），所以應(yīng)改用過去分詞 based。 (3) Earlg philosophers believe that the mind was divided into three faculties s feeling ,intellect and will (A) to know (B) known (C) knowing (D) knew them () [答案 ] B 分詞短語(yǔ) known as… 說明前面的名詞 three faculties。 (3) Characteristics of Op Art are the carefully arrange hues and geometric patterns that create optical illusions. () [答案 ] A 修飾名詞 hues，應(yīng)用分詞形式 arranged。 (8) Nature not only gave the Middle Atlantic fine harbors, however endowed it with a firstclass system of inland waterways. () [答案 ] C however 改為 but also,組成 not only…but also 結(jié)構(gòu) 2020 新托福真題解析匯總 分詞是 TOEEL 必考內(nèi)容，在歷屆試題中均占相當(dāng)大的比例。固此 or 應(yīng)改為 and。一般說來，有關(guān)并列連詞的題目并不深澀，因?yàn)檫B接詞無論在語(yǔ)意上還是結(jié)構(gòu)功能上都并非孤立使用。 參考譯文：滑輪系統(tǒng)是一種特 殊的機(jī)械裝置，用滑輪和繩索來拉或提升大件的物品。 參考譯文：一些評(píng)論家認(rèn)為神秘小說是罪與罰象征性的儀式。省略條件：由特定的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞： although， though， even though， if， when， while， as， whether。 1. _________ denotes currency in circulation plus bank deposits. A. The term “money supply” B. The term is “money supply” C. When the term “money supply” D. “Money supply” is the term 答案： A 分析：缺主語(yǔ)。 參考譯文：大多數(shù)魚類和很多爬行動(dòng)物沿著大部分脊柱都長(zhǎng)有肋骨，但哺乳動(dòng)物的肋骨只長(zhǎng)在胸部位置。 4. By the midtwentieth century， United States presidential staffs， _________ had numbered fewer than ten a century earlier， numbered in the hundreds. A. as B. that they C. which D. and 答案： C 分析：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，只有 which 能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 參考譯文：到 20 時(shí)間中期，美國(guó)的總統(tǒng)部官員達(dá)到了幾百個(gè)，而在一個(gè)世紀(jì)前，還屈指可數(shù)呢。 1. While play is important at all levels of human development， _________ takes on particular significance when children are five and six years old. A. it B. and C. which D. because it 答案： A 分析：缺主語(yǔ)。 參考譯文：叢林由樹和灌木組成，短的、潮濕的冬天和隨后的長(zhǎng)的干燥的夏天阻礙了它們的生長(zhǎng)。s first novel， The Wapshot Chronicle， earned _________ the National Book Award. A. that he had B. him C. was his D. to him 10 答案： B 分析：雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)： sth. Earn sb sth. 類似的還有 gain/win 參考譯文： John Cheever 的第一部小說 The Wapshot Chronicle 于 1957 年，并為他 贏得全國(guó)圖書獎(jiǎng)。D 中 became 仍然沒有賓語(yǔ)， so that 多余，錯(cuò)。 參考譯文： 75%的所有鎘金屬都用來對(duì)類似鐵、鋼的容易腐蝕的金屬進(jìn)行鎘鍍膜了。 5. _________ carries the genes， which determine the hereditary characteristics of the cell or anism. A. The chromosome B. The chromosome that C. Whereas the chromosome D. There is a chromosome 答案： A 分析：該句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，前半句已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，缺主語(yǔ)，選 A. 參考譯文：染色體攜帶了遺傳物質(zhì)，這些遺傳物質(zhì)決定了細(xì)胞和生物體的遺傳特性。B 中 and 作為連接詞，而 and 后的句子不完整，沒有謂語(yǔ)，錯(cuò) 。 9. Because Mars is farther from the Sun than _________， Mars takes longer to plete a revolution. A. Earth is B. is from Earth C. what is Earth D. is it Earth 答案： A 分析：比較結(jié)構(gòu)的對(duì)稱性： Mars is farther …… than Earth is ， is 后省略了 from the Sun 6 參考譯文：因?yàn)榛鹦潜鹊厍螂x太陽(yáng)要遠(yuǎn)，火星繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)一圈的時(shí)間要比地球長(zhǎng)。 5. Because of _________ diversity， seven separate groupings or divisions of algae have been established by botanists. A. them B. so that 5 C. those D. their 答案： D 分析： those 是泛指，這里應(yīng)該用 their 來特指 seven separate groupings or divisions of algae. 參考譯文：因?yàn)楹Ｔ鍌兊牟煌匦?，植物學(xué)家把他們分成 7 個(gè)不同的組別或分支。B語(yǔ)序混亂，明顯應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)形式，而且有固定結(jié)構(gòu) add to. 參考譯文：當(dāng)把烘烤用粉加到面團(tuán)里加熱的時(shí)候，會(huì)釋放出二氧化碳，使得面團(tuán)漲開。 10. The introduction of massproduction methods enabled many people _________ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility. A. to purchase their own automobiles B. their own to purchase automobiles C. to their own purchase automobiles D. own their automobiles to purchase 答案： A 分析：為固定結(jié)構(gòu) enable sb to do sth. 參考譯文：規(guī)模生產(chǎn)方法的產(chǎn)生，使得人們能夠買自己的車，并獲得了空前的靈活性。一個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn) 2 個(gè)謂語(yǔ)且沒有連接詞就一定錯(cuò)?？崭窈蟮木渥右淹暾敲纯崭裉幘蛻?yīng)該是同位語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)從句，分詞等修飾成分。 D中 of which 作為介詞賓語(yǔ)，后面應(yīng)該接一個(gè)完整句，但只有一個(gè) phenomenon 主語(yǔ)，句子不完整，錯(cuò)。 2. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City. A. she was the first woman to conduct B. the first woman conductor C. the woman was first conducting D. the woman conducts first 答案： B 分析：缺賓語(yǔ)，答案中只有 B， D 可以作賓語(yǔ)，但 D 的語(yǔ)序不對(duì)。 參考譯文： 1976， Sarah Caldwell 成為在第一個(gè)在紐約 Metropolitan Opera House 演出的演奏家 補(bǔ)充： ?？? the first/second/… one to do sth 3. On January 7， 1955， Marian Anderson became _________ to sing a major role at New York City39。 參考譯文：可能戰(zhàn)后最重大的趨勢(shì)就是美國(guó)城市的分散化，當(dāng)大規(guī)模高速公路建設(shè)項(xiàng)目容許了更大程度的發(fā)展郊區(qū)，這個(gè)現(xiàn)象更被促進(jìn)了。 A中 Their指代不明，而且 classification 和 berries也不相符，錯(cuò) 。 參考譯文：在樂器演奏家的哲學(xué)里面，思想和知識(shí)是專有排外性的功能性的過程。 1. Frances Perkins， _________ of the United States cabi， served in the cabi as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945. A. the first female member B. was the first female member C. the first female member who D. of whom the first female member 答案： A 分析：主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。 3. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in succeeding generations， geicists use the theory of probability. A. The calculation of B. To calculate C. Is calculating D. Calculated 答案： B 分析： to calculate，這里用不定式表示 “目的 ”，前半句的邏輯主語(yǔ)是 geicists，只有 B 符合要求 。