外文翻譯tallbuildingstructure外文翻譯-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 垂直空中拍攝的照片是最重要的方法之一發(fā)現(xiàn)活斷層地形證據(jù)。通過(guò)仔細(xì)觀察，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)故障，在一個(gè)戰(zhàn)壕的跨越斷層削減，有時(shí)可能以確定它是否已被近來(lái)活躍側(cè)壁可見(jiàn)。 這是在 1 /克，是地震系數(shù)與方程（ 1）條。 結(jié)構(gòu)工程師有興趣的機(jī)構(gòu)施加的地球運(yùn)動(dòng)的力量。有些機(jī)關(guān)是指一個(gè)斷層側(cè)向推力聯(lián)合行動(dòng)。 這些余震在其他生產(chǎn)點(diǎn)的過(guò)失或在斷裂帶的延誤。 這個(gè)故事對(duì)大多數(shù)高層建筑的故事，鼓勵(lì)通過(guò)反復(fù)的統(tǒng)一行動(dòng)和預(yù)制技術(shù)建設(shè)。如果變形過(guò)大，或部分 成員不足，調(diào)整，是為成員的大小或結(jié)構(gòu)安排。 由于對(duì)降低建筑物的高度，重量面積和 重力負(fù)荷的增加而增加約與建筑的高度成正比。 理想情況下，在規(guī)劃建設(shè)的初期階段，整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)，包括建筑師，結(jié)構(gòu)工程師，服務(wù)工程師，應(yīng)互相合作，在商定的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，以滿足功能，安全性和可維護(hù)性各自的需求，并提供服務(wù)。s second law of motion 39。題目： **藍(lán)天有限公司辦公樓設(shè)計(jì) 一、外文原文： Tall Building Structure Tall buildings have fascinated mankind from the beginning of civilization, their construction being initially for defense and subsequently for ecclesiastical purposes. The growth in modern tall building construction, however, which began in the 1880s, has been largely for mercial and residential purposes. Tall mercial buildings are primarily a response to the demand by business activities to be as close to each other, and to the city center, as possible, thereby putting intense pressure on the available land space. Also, because they form distinctive landmarks, tall mercial buildings are frequently developed in city centers as prestige symbols for corporate anizations. Further, the business and tourist munity, with its increasing mobility, has fuelled a need for more, frequently highrise, city center hotel acmodations. The rapid growth of the urban population and the consequent pressure on limited space have considerably influenced city residential development. The high cost of land, the desire to avoid a continuous urban sprawl, and the need to preserve important agricultural production have all contributed to drive residential buildings upward. Ideally, in the early stages of planning a building, the entire design team, including the architect, structural engineer, and services engineer, should collaborate to agree on a form of structure to satisfy their respective requirements of function, safety and serviceability, and servicing. A promise between conflicting demands will be almost inevitable. In all but the very tallest structures, however, the structural arrangement will be subservient to the architectural requirements of space arrangement and aesthetics. The two primary types of vertical loadresisting elements of tall buildings are columns and walls, the latter acting either independently as shear walls or in assemblies as shear wall cores. The building function will lead naturally to the provision of walls to divide and enclose space, and of cores to contain and convey services such as elevators. Columns will be provided, in otherwise unsupported regions, to transmit gravity loads and, in some types of structure, horizontal loads also. The inevitable primary function of the structural elements is to resist the gravity loading from the weight of the building and its contents. Since the loading on different floors tends to be similar, the weight of the floor system per unit floor area is approximately constant, regardless of the building height. Because the gravity load on the column
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