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【正文】 內(nèi)容總結(jié) Deep vein thrombosis。 Treatment ? The duration of treatment following the diagnosis of DVT depends on the risk of recurrence, including idiopathic DVT or PE, certain underlying hypercoagulable states such as the antiphospholipid syndrome, and underlying malignancy. Deep vein thrombosis 第三十八頁，共四十六頁。 Treatment ? Medical Management: Anticoagulation ? Unfractionated Heparin Weightbased dosing of UFH (80 U/kg bolus followed by 18 U/kg/hr IV infusion) has been shown to achieve a therapeutic activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) more rapidly than fixeddose regimens. Deep vein thrombosis 第三十頁，共四十六頁。 Diagnosis ? Imaging: Imaging tests of the veins are used in the diagnosis of DVT. Ultrasound, CT scan venography, MRI venography, or MRI of the thrombus are also possibilities. Deep vein thrombosis 第二十二頁，共四十六頁。s cyst, musculoskeletal injury, or lymph edema. ? Other differential diagnoses include hematoma, tumors, venous or arterial aneurysms, and connective tissue disorders. Deep vein thrombosis 第十四頁，共四十六頁。 Causes ? German pathologist Rudolf Virchow postulated the interplay of three processes resulting in venous thrombosis, now known as Virchow39。 What Is Deep Vein Thrombosis? ? Deep vein thrombosis, or DVT, is a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body. Blood clots occur when blood thickens and clumps together. 第三頁，共四十六頁。 What Is Deep Vein Thrombosis? ?A blood clot in a deep vein can break off and travel through the blood. The embolus could travel to an artery in the lungs and block blood flow. This condition is called pulmonary embolism, or PE. 第四頁，共四十六頁。s triad: Deep vein thrombosis 第八頁，共四十六頁。 Diagnosis ?Probability: In those with suspected DVT, a clinical assessment of probability can be useful to determine which tests to perform. The most studied clinical prediction rule is the Wells score. Deep vein thrombosis 第十五頁，共四十六頁。 Diagnosis ? Ultrasound: a sensitive and specific tool for the assessment of patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of lower extremity DVT. Deep vein thrombosis 第二十三頁，共四十六頁。 Treatment ? Medical Management: Anticoagulation ? LowMolecularWeightHeparin LMWH is administered as a weightbased subcutaneous injection. In the current ACCP guidelines, LMWH is remended over UFH for the initial treatment of DVT or PE. Enoxaparin, the most monly used agent in the US, is given either as a oncedaily injection ( mg/kg/day) or twice daily (1 mg/kg every 12 hr). Deep vein thrombosis 第三十一頁，共四十六頁。 Treatment ? Although the risk of recurrence decreases with longer durations of anticoagulation, clinicians must weigh th
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