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在寒冷的年代里,母愛是溫暖。D 臨床實驗 臨床前實驗 研究和發(fā)現(xiàn) 臨床階段 ? 動物和人的代謝特征 (長期毒性實驗的動物選擇 ) metabolism profiling in animals and humans Evaluation of In Vitro Metabolism Profiles Cryopreserved Hepatocytes ? mouse ? rat ? dog ? monkey ? human 實驗藥物 (MW = in 1/2 tartrate salt) [14C] 放射性比活性 ( 181。 T I = 1 . 9 1C o n c e n t r a t i o n [ ? g / m l ]Efficacy / Cytotoxicity %NNO HN HO OIn vitro therapeutic index of BCH6440 Efficacy Hits Optimized Lead Go or no go decision Compound for Development (CD) NEW DRUG IND NDA Ramp。 accumulation ? 吸收和排泄模式 mass balance ? 體內(nèi)分布 distribution ? 從動物代謝推算人體代謝 extrapolation Efficacy Hits Optimized Lead Go or no go decision Compound for Development (CD) NEW DRUG IND NDA Ramp。D 臨床實驗 臨床前實驗 研究和發(fā)現(xiàn) 研究和發(fā)現(xiàn)階段 ? 能否被吸收? permeability ? 是否被代謝? metabolic stability ? 代謝產(chǎn)物? metabolite identification ? 代謝途徑? pathway identification ? 對其它藥物的影響? drugdrug interaction Efficacy Hits Optimized Lead Go or no go decision Compound for Development (CD) NEW DRUG IND NDA Ramp。 H O H O H O H O H O H O O G L U C H O O S O O H O 2HydroxyEE2 2 EE 3 Glucuronide EE 2 3Sulfate Conjugates EE2 EE2 Hepatocytes (肝細胞) Microsomes(微粒體) Hepatocytes(肝細胞) Metabolism of Eythinyl Estradiol (EE2) 肝微粒體和肝細胞的代謝功能差異 Li, Hartman, Lu, Collins and Strong, Br J Clin Pharmacol 48, 733742(1999) Plasma concentrations of BCH3840 and its metabolite (BCH6440) in mice dosed 50 mg/kg orally Poor oral bioavailability 0 60 120 18002004006008001000 P a r e n t M e t a b o l i t eT m a x ( m i n ) 6 . 1 4 6 . 5 3C m a x ( ? g / m l ) 0 . 0 8 3 0 . 7 9 9A U C ( ? g / m l / m i n ) 4 . 8 2 3 2 1 . 8 1 0B i o a v a i l a b i l i t y % 2 . 5 2 3 1 1 . 4 3 4R20 . 9 2 9 2 0 . 9 9 6 4B C H 3 8 4 0M e t a b o l i t eT i m e ( m i n )Concentration [ng/ml]排出太快 /藥效時間太短 口服吸收差 /血漿濃度太低 分布 排瀉 代謝問題 吸收問題 蛋白質(zhì)相互作用 分布體積 腎臟排泄 肝臟代謝 溶解度 腸道吸收膜通透性 腸道消化 早期研發(fā)階段 后期研發(fā)階段 Situation Analysis in vitro體外 metabolism in situ離體 permeability in vivo體內(nèi) bioavailability Reaction volume: ml, DPBS pH Hepatic S9/Microsomes: mg protien/mL Species: Human/Monkey/Dog/Rat/Mouse Substrate concentration: 10 ?M NADPH: mM UDPGA: mM Incubation: 60 min at 37oC Stopping procedure: chilled acetonitrile, 3 x volume In Vitro Metabolism Assay 體外肝微粒體實驗 1 2 3 4 A B C D E F Enhanced Throughput Screening ( 增速篩選 ) AB: (空白對照): test article + buffer = vehicle control (VC) CD:( 陰性對照): test article + microsomes = negative control (NC) EF: (實驗樣品): test article + microsomes + cofactors = treated Dosing solution = time zero (T = 0) 4 pounds including positive reference* / plate * 7 ethoxycoumarin 陰性對照 空白對照 測試樣本 Enhanced Throughput Screening Incubation: 4 pounds per 24well plate 15 pounds + 1 positive control per day Sample size: Time zero duplicate (16 x 2) VC duplicate (16 x 2) NC duplicate (16 x 2) Treated duplicate (16 x 2) Total samples/day 128 Bioanalysis: no extraction no standard curve (peak area) machine time/2 LCs 24 hrs Total manpower: PKDM tech x 3 Test article amount: mg / test article Screening rate: one chemotype with 60 pounds / 1 week HPLC profiles of BCH3840 and its metabolite (BCH6440) BCH3840 metabolite? In vitro metabolic stability by rat hepatic S9 Efficacy Hits Optimized Lead Go or no go decision Compound for Development (CD) NEW DRUG IND NDA Ramp。 accumulation ? 吸收和排泄模式 mass balance ? 體內(nèi)分布 distribution ? 從動物代謝推算人體代謝 extrapolation 0 10 20 30 40 50 600500100015002022250030003500LegendI V D o s e ( m g / k g )AUCinf(?g*min/mL)119% 236% 310% Proportionality 血漿濃度的非線性 提示: 代謝或排泄的非線性飽和 0 100 200 300 400 500 6000255075100125F e m a l e R a t sO r a l D o s e ( m g / k g )AUCinf(?g*hr/mL)90% 72% Proportionality: AUC (大鼠試驗) 0 100 200 300 400 500 6000255075100125M a l e R a t sO r a l D o s e ( m g / k g )AUCinf(?g*hr/mL)93% 63% 提示 :藥物吸收的非線性飽和 TOXICOKINETICS 毒物代謝動力學試驗 ? Animal: SpragueDawley rats (male amp。 母愛是衣,為你送去溫暖。 在歡樂的年代里,母愛是幸福。 D1, degr ad e d prod u c t s 。D 臨床實驗 臨床前實驗 研究和發(fā)現(xiàn) 臨床前階段 ?生物利用度 bioavailability ? 血漿濃度的線性和非線性 dose escalation amp。 Morrison。藥物代謝及其動力學在新藥研發(fā)中的應用 胡卓漢 博士 瑞德肝臟疾病研究 (上海 )有限公司 復旦大學藥學院 2022年 12月 30日 中國 .北京 Efficacy Hits Optimized Lead Go or no go decision Compound for Development (CD) NEW DRUG IND NDA Ramp。D 臨床實驗 臨床前實驗 研究和發(fā)現(xiàn) 臨床實驗準則 Good Clinical Practice (GCP) 非臨床實驗準則 Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) 二五原則 ? 5 毫克 ? 5 天 臨床前實驗藥物代謝動力學的生物模型 體外和離體模型 (in vitro / in situ models) ?吸收模型 absorption/permeability ?代謝模型 metabolism