【正文】 第44條 駛往不同的目的港（Sailing for different destination） 44. Where the place destination is specified in the policy, and the ship, instead of sailing for that destination, sails for any other destination, the risk does not attach. 44．若保險(xiǎn)單已明確規(guī)定了目的港，但船舶不駛往該目的港，而駛往任何其他目的港時(shí)，保險(xiǎn)單不承保該風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 （4）船舶在所有方面合理適宜面對(duì)承保的海上冒險(xiǎn)中通常海上危險(xiǎn)，即被視為適航。 第36條 中立保證（Warranty of neutrality） 36.(1) Where insurable property, whether ship or goods, is expressly warranted neutral, there is an implied condition that the property shall have a neutral character at the mencement of the risk, and that, so far as the assured can control the matter, its neutral character shall be preserved during the risk. (2) Where a ship is expressly warranted “neutral” there is also an implied condition that, so far as the assured can control the matter, she shall be properly documented, that is to say, that she shall carry the necessary papers to establish her neutrality, and that she shall not falsify or suppress her papers, or use simulated papers. If any loss occurs through breach of this condition, the insurer may avoid the contract. 36．（1）在保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)，不論是船舶還是貨物，明確宣布保證中立之場(chǎng)合，存在一項(xiàng)默示條件，即在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)開始時(shí)，該項(xiàng)財(cái)產(chǎn)應(yīng)為中立性質(zhì)，而且在被保險(xiǎn)人能控制的范圍內(nèi)，在整個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)期間應(yīng)保持這種中立性質(zhì)。 （3）按照上述定義，無(wú)論保證對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是否重要，均是一種必須嚴(yán)格遵守的條件。 （2）在某一事件發(fā)生時(shí)，保險(xiǎn)繼續(xù)有效以某一待安排的附加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)為條件之情況下，若事件發(fā)生時(shí)，倘未商定該附加保費(fèi)，則被保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)支付合理的附加保費(fèi)。 （2）這種后來(lái)進(jìn)行的申報(bào)， 可用批單形式在保險(xiǎn)單上批注，也可按其他習(xí)慣方式進(jìn)行。 （3）在保險(xiǎn)單用一般術(shù)語(yǔ)標(biāo)明保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的之場(chǎng)合，應(yīng)解釋為適用于被保險(xiǎn)人意圖投保的利益。 (5) The name or names of the insurance. 23．海上保險(xiǎn)單必須載明下列事項(xiàng)： （1）被保險(xiǎn)人或代被保險(xiǎn)人投保的人的名稱； （2）保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的和承保險(xiǎn)別 （3）保險(xiǎn)承保的航程或期間，或同時(shí)承保航程和期間兩者，視情況而定 （4）保險(xiǎn)金額 （5）保險(xiǎn)人的名稱。 and (b) Every material circumstance which the assured is bound to disclose, unless it came to his knowledge too late to municate it to the agent. ,除按前條各款規(guī)定無(wú)需告知的各有關(guān)事項(xiàng)外,該代理人必須向保險(xiǎn)人告知: (a) 他所知道的每一重要情況,保險(xiǎn)代理人視為知曉其在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)當(dāng)知曉或被保險(xiǎn)人已通知他的每一情況。 (d) Any circumstance which it is superfluous to disclose by reason of any express or implied warranty. (4) Whether any particular circumstance, which is not disclosed, be material or not is, in each case, a question of fact. (5) The term “circumstance” includes any munication made to, or information received by, the assured. 18.(1)根據(jù)本條的規(guī)定，在訂立合同前，被保險(xiǎn)人必須向保險(xiǎn)人告知其所知的一切重要情況。 對(duì)蒸汽機(jī)船舶，船舶的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值還應(yīng)包括機(jī)器、鍋爐、被保險(xiǎn)人擁有的燃料煤和機(jī)艙物料，而如果船舶用于特殊貿(mào)易，則還需包括適合該貿(mào)易的通常裝備。 第12條 預(yù)付運(yùn)費(fèi)（Advance freight） 12. In the case of advance freight, the person advancing the freight has an insurable interest, in so for as much freight is not repayable in case of loss. 12．預(yù)付運(yùn)費(fèi)的人對(duì)在損失后不能收回的預(yù)付運(yùn)費(fèi)有保險(xiǎn)利益。 （2）如果被保險(xiǎn)人在滅損當(dāng)時(shí)不具有利益，他不能在他知曉該滅損后，通過任何行為或選擇而獲取利益。 （c）保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有人或其他對(duì)其有利益或有責(zé)任的當(dāng)事人由于海上風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因?qū)Φ谌疆a(chǎn)生的任何責(zé)任。 1906海上保險(xiǎn)法 海上保險(xiǎn)（Marine Insurance） 第1條：海上保險(xiǎn)的定義（Marine insurance defined） A contract of marine insurance is a contract whereby the insurer undertakes to indemnify the assured, in manner and to the extent thereby agreed, against marine losses, that is to say, the losses incident to marine adventure. 海上保險(xiǎn)合同，是一種保險(xiǎn)人按照約定的方式和范圍，對(duì)與海上冒險(xiǎn)有關(guān)的海上滅失，向被保險(xiǎn)人承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任的合同。” 保險(xiǎn)利益（Insurable Interest） 第4條 賭博合同無(wú)效（Avoidance of wagering or gaming contracts） 4.(1) Every contract of marine insurance by way of gaming or wagering is void. (2) A contract of marine insurance is deemed to be a gaming or wagering contract (a) Where the assured has not an insurable interest as defined by this Act and the contract is entered into with no expectation of acquiring such an interest。 第7條 可撤銷的利益或偶然的利益（Defeasible or contingent interest） 7.(1) A defeasible interest is insurable, as also is a contingent interest. (2) In particular, where the buyer of goods has insured them, he has an insurable interest, notwithstanding that he might, at his election, （1）可撤銷的利益是保險(xiǎn)利益，偶然的利益亦然。 第13條 保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)（Charges of insurance） 13. The assured has an insurable interest in the charges of any insurance which be may effect. 13．被保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)其應(yīng)支付的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)具有保險(xiǎn)利益。 （2）在運(yùn)費(fèi)保險(xiǎn)中，無(wú)論運(yùn)費(fèi)是否預(yù)付，保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值是指被保險(xiǎn)人處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中的總運(yùn)費(fèi)加上保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。被保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)視為知道在通常業(yè)務(wù)過程中他應(yīng)當(dāng)知曉的每一情況。 (b) 及被保險(xiǎn)人有義務(wù)告知的每一重要情況,除非他得知該情況過遲,無(wú)法及時(shí)通知該代理人. 第20條 協(xié)商合同時(shí)的陳述（Representations pending negotiation of contract） 20.①Every material representation made by the assured or his agent to the insurer during the negotiations for the contract and before the contract is concluded, must be true. If it be untrue the insurer may avoid the contract. ②A representation is material which would influence the judgment of a prudent insurer in fixing the premium, or determining whether he will take the risk. ③A representation may be either a representation as to a matter of fact, or as to a matter of expectation or belief. ④A representation as to a matter of fact is true, if it be substantially correct, that is to say, if the difference between what is represented and what is actually correct would not be considered material by a prudent insurer. ⑤A representation as to a matter of expectation or belief is true if it be made in good faith. ⑥A representation may be withdrawn or corrected before the contract is concluded. ⑦Whether a particular representation be material or not is, in each case, a question of fact. 20.①在協(xié)商合同期間及訂立合同前,被保險(xiǎn)人或其代理人向保險(xiǎn)人作出的每一重要陳述必須真實(shí),若其不真實(shí),保險(xiǎn)人可以撤消合同. ②影響謹(jǐn)慎的保險(xiǎn)人確定保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的評(píng)價(jià)或決定是否承保該項(xiàng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的陳述,即為重要陳述. ③一項(xiàng)陳述既可以是有關(guān)事實(shí),也可以是關(guān)于期望或是關(guān)于信念的陳述. ④若一項(xiàng)關(guān)于事實(shí)的陳述實(shí)質(zhì)上是準(zhǔn)確的,它便是真實(shí)的,亦即,如果陳述內(nèi)容與實(shí)際情況有差異,謹(jǐn)慎的保險(xiǎn)人并不認(rèn)為是重要的. ⑤若被保險(xiǎn)人依誠(chéng)信作出期望或信念的陳述,該陳述即是真實(shí)的. ⑥陳述在訂立合同前可以撤回或更正. ⑦在每一案件中,某一特定的陳述是否重要,屬事實(shí)問題. 第21條 何時(shí)合同視為成立（When contract is deemed to be concluded） 21．A contract of marine insurance is deemed to be concluded when the proposal of the assured is accepted by the insurer, whether the policy be then issued or not and, for the purpose of showing when the proposal was accepted, reference may be made to the slip or covering note or other customary memorandum of the contract. 21．保險(xiǎn)人接受被保險(xiǎn)人的投保單后，無(wú)論當(dāng)時(shí)是否已簽發(fā)保險(xiǎn)單，海上保險(xiǎn)合同應(yīng)視為已經(jīng)成立；為表明該投保單何時(shí)被接受，可以參考承保條或暫保單或其他合同習(xí)慣的備忘錄。 第24條 保險(xiǎn)人簽署（Signature of insurer） 24.(1) A marine policy must be signed by or on behalf of the insurer, provided that in the case of a corporation the corporate seal may be sufficient, but nothing in this section