【正文】 第41條 合法保證（Warranty of legality） There is an implied warranty that the adventure insured is a lawful one, and that, so far as the assured can control the matter, the adventure shall be carried out in a lawful manner. 有一項(xiàng)承保的海上冒險(xiǎn)是合法的默示保證，且就被保險(xiǎn)人所能控制的問(wèn)題而言，該海上冒險(xiǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)以合法的方式進(jìn)行。 (3) 保險(xiǎn)人可以放棄保證的違反。 （4）除非保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定，在收到損失通知或抵達(dá)之前未申報(bào)價(jià)值的情況下，對(duì)該申報(bào)的標(biāo)的物，保險(xiǎn)單應(yīng)視為不定值保險(xiǎn)單。同一保險(xiǎn)單可以同時(shí)承保航次和定期保險(xiǎn)的合同。 (3) 對(duì)下列情況如果保險(xiǎn)人未問(wèn)及，被保險(xiǎn)人無(wú)需告知： (a) 減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的任何情況； (b) 保險(xiǎn)人知道或被認(rèn)為應(yīng)該知道的情況；保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)該知曉眾所周知的事情，以及他在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)該知曉的一般情況； (c) 保險(xiǎn)人不要求被保險(xiǎn)人告知的情況； (d) 由于明文或默示的保證條款，被保險(xiǎn)人無(wú)需告知的事項(xiàng)。 （3）盡管在發(fā)生損失的情況下，某些第三者可能已同意或有義務(wù)賠償其損失，保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有人對(duì)其財(cái)產(chǎn)的全部?jī)r(jià)值有保險(xiǎn)利益。但是，如無(wú)救助的可能，保險(xiǎn)單可以按保險(xiǎn)人無(wú)救助利益的條件簽訂。 (2) 特別是以下各項(xiàng)屬于海上冒險(xiǎn)： （a）受海上危險(xiǎn)影響的任何船舶，貨物或其他動(dòng)產(chǎn)。 （2）除非保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定，原被保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)此種再保險(xiǎn)沒(méi)有權(quán)利或利益。 第18條 被保險(xiǎn)人的告知（Disclosure by assured） 18.(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the assured must disclose to the insurer, before the contract is concluded, every material circumstance which is known to the assured, and the assured is deemed to know every circumstance which, in the ordinary course of business, ought to be known by him. If the assured fails to make such disclosure, the insurer may avoid the contract. (2) Every circumstance is material, which would influence the judgment of a prudent insurer in fixing the premium, or determining whether he will take the risk. (3) In the absence of inquiry the following circumstances need not be disclosed, namely: (a) Any circumstance which diminishes the risks。 (2) The subjectmatter insured and the risk insured against。 （4） 除保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定外，就確定是否構(gòu)成推定全損而言，保險(xiǎn)單約定的價(jià)值并非終結(jié)性的。 （2）在被保險(xiǎn)人因重復(fù)保險(xiǎn)而超額保險(xiǎn)之場(chǎng)合： (a)除非保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定，被保險(xiǎn)人可根據(jù)自已認(rèn)為合適的順序，依次向其保險(xiǎn)人索賠，但他所得金額不得超過(guò)本法允許的賠償限額； (b)如果被保險(xiǎn)人憑以索賠的保險(xiǎn)單是一份定值保險(xiǎn)單，被保險(xiǎn)人必須將其他保險(xiǎn)單項(xiàng)下他已收取的任何數(shù)額從約定保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值中扣除，無(wú)需考慮保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的實(shí)際價(jià)值； （c）如果被保險(xiǎn)人據(jù)以索賠的保險(xiǎn)單是一份不定值保險(xiǎn)單，被保險(xiǎn)人必須將其他保險(xiǎn)單項(xiàng)下他已收取的數(shù)額從全部保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值中扣除； (d)若被保險(xiǎn)人得到的金額超過(guò)本法所允許的賠償額，則此種超出金額即被視為由被保險(xiǎn)人代各保險(xiǎn)人托管，由保險(xiǎn)人按他們之間的分?jǐn)倷?quán)利攤回。 第39條 船舶適航保證（Warranty of seaworthiness of ship） 39.(1) In a voyage policy there is an implied warranty that at the mencement of the voyage the ship shall be seaworthy for the purpose of the particular adventure insured. (2) Where the policy attaches while the ship is in port, there is also an implied warranty that she shall, at the mencement of the risk, be reasonably fit to encounter the ordinary perils of the port. (3) Where the policy relates to a voyage which is performed in different stages, during which the ship requires different kinds of or further preparation or equipment, there is an implied warranty that at the mencement of each stage the ship is seaworthy in respect of such preparation or equipment for the , purposes of that stage. (4) A ship is deemed to be seaworthy when she is reasonably fit in all respects to encounter the ordinary perils of the seas of the adventure insured. (5) In a time policy there is no implied warranty that the ship shall be seaworthy at any stage of the adventure, but where, with the private of the assured, the ship is sent to sea in an unseaworthy state, the insurer is not liable for any loss attributable to unseaworthiness.” 39（1）在航次保險(xiǎn)單中有一項(xiàng)默示保證，即在為承保的特定海上冒險(xiǎn)之目的而開始其航次當(dāng)時(shí)，船舶應(yīng)適航。 （2）除非保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定，如存在航程變更，保險(xiǎn)人自該變更之時(shí)起，亦即，自變更決定被證明之時(shí)起，即免除責(zé)任；至于船舶發(fā)生滅失當(dāng)時(shí)可能事實(shí)上尚未偏離保險(xiǎn)單預(yù)定的航線則無(wú)關(guān)緊要。 第37條 無(wú)默示船籍保證（No implied warranty of nationality） 37．There is no implied warranty as to the nationality of a shipper that her nationality shall not be changed during the risk. 37．關(guān)于船舶的國(guó)籍不存在默示保證，也不存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)期間其船籍不變的默示保證。 (c) Where the policy under which the assured claims is an unvalued policy he must give credit, as against the full insurable value, for any sum received by him under any other policy。 （2）定值保險(xiǎn)單指載明保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的約定價(jià)值的保險(xiǎn)單。保險(xiǎn)單可在海上保險(xiǎn)合同成立時(shí)或以后簽發(fā)。 （4）在其他保險(xiǎn)中，保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值是保險(xiǎn)單生效時(shí)被保險(xiǎn)人處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中的金額加上保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用。 第8條 部分利益（Partial interest） 8. A partial interest of any nature is insurable. 8．任何性質(zhì)的部分利益均可承保。 (2)如果用海上保險(xiǎn)單格式的保險(xiǎn)單，承保建造中的船舶，或者船舶下水，或類似海上冒險(xiǎn)的任何冒險(xiǎn)，本法中的各項(xiàng)規(guī)定，只要是可適用者，均得適用之；但除本條規(guī)定者外，本法的任何規(guī)定，都不能改變或影響任何適用于本法規(guī)定的海上保險(xiǎn)合同以外的保險(xiǎn)合同的法律規(guī)定。 （2）一個(gè)人與海上冒險(xiǎn)有利益關(guān)系，尤其是在他與該冒險(xiǎn)或處在危險(xiǎn)中的任何保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)，具有任何法律上或衡平的關(guān)系，因而若保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)安全或及時(shí)抵達(dá)他便能從中獲取利益；反之，如果保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)滅失，損壞，或被滯留或招致有關(guān)責(zé)任，他的利益將受到損害。 但本條規(guī)定不影響因?qū)嵤┓啥l(fā)生的利益轉(zhuǎn)讓。 (5) “情況”一詞包括送給被保險(xiǎn)人的通知和其收到的消息。譯者注） 第26條 指定標(biāo)的（Designation of subjectmatter） 26(1).The subjectmatter insured must be designated in a marine policy with reasonable certainty. (2) The nature and extent of the interest of the assured in the subjectmatter insured need not be specified in the policy. (3) Where the policy designates the subjectmatter insured in general terms ,it shall be construed to apply to the interest intended by the assured to be covered. (4) In the application of this section regard shall be had to any usage regulating the designation of the subjectmatter insured. 26（1）保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的必須在海上保險(xiǎn)單中合理確定地標(biāo)明。 （2）根據(jù)本法規(guī)定，除非保險(xiǎn)單內(nèi)容另有其他要求，本法所附第一附件內(nèi)的術(shù)語(yǔ)及措詞，應(yīng)按賦予該附件規(guī)定的詞意和范圍解釋。 (2) 明示保證必須包含在或?qū)戇M(jìn)保險(xiǎn)單，或包括在并入保險(xiǎn)單的某些文件之中。 （2）通過(guò)證明延遲是由于保險(xiǎn)人在簽訂保險(xiǎn)合同之前已知道的情況造成的，或證明保險(xiǎn)人已放棄該默示條件，該默示條件可以被否定。 第40條 無(wú)貨物適航的默示保證（No implied warranty that goods are seaworthy） （1）In a policy on goods or other movables there is no implied warranty that the goods or movables are seaworthy. (2) In a voyage policy on goods or other movables there is an implied warranty that at the mencement of the voyage the ship is not only seaworthy as a ship, but also that she is reasonably fit to carry the goods or other movables to the destination contemplated by the policy.” （1）在貨物或其他動(dòng)產(chǎn)的保險(xiǎn)單中，不存在該貨物或動(dòng)產(chǎn)適航的默示保證。 第34條 何時(shí)可免除違反保證（When breach of warranty excused） 34.（1）Nonpliance with a warranty is excused when, by reason of a change of circumstances, the warranty ceases to be applicable to the circumstances of the contract, or when pliance with the warranty is rendered unlawful by any subsequent law. (2) Where a warranty is broken, the assured cannot avail himself of the defence that the breach has been remedied, and the warranty plied with, before loss. (3) A breach of warranty may be waived by the insurer. (1) 由于情況變化，保證不再適用于合同情況，或遵循該保證被任何后來(lái)的法律視為非法等情況下，不遵循該保證可以免責(zé)。如果是貨物，申報(bào)必須包括保險(xiǎn)單規(guī)定條件之內(nèi)的全部貨物運(yùn)輸。 （2）在保險(xiǎn)