【正文】 第41條 合法保證（Warranty of legality） There is an implied warranty that the adventure insured is a lawful one, and that, so far as the assured can control the matter, the adventure shall be carried out in a lawful manner. 有一項承保的海上冒險是合法的默示保證，且就被保險人所能控制的問題而言，該海上冒險應(yīng)當(dāng)以合法的方式進行。 (3) 保險人可以放棄保證的違反。 （4）除非保險單另有規(guī)定，在收到損失通知或抵達之前未申報價值的情況下，對該申報的標(biāo)的物，保險單應(yīng)視為不定值保險單。同一保險單可以同時承保航次和定期保險的合同。 (3) 對下列情況如果保險人未問及，被保險人無需告知： (a) 減少風(fēng)險的任何情況； (b) 保險人知道或被認為應(yīng)該知道的情況；保險人應(yīng)該知曉眾所周知的事情，以及他在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)該知曉的一般情況； (c) 保險人不要求被保險人告知的情況； (d) 由于明文或默示的保證條款，被保險人無需告知的事項。 （3）盡管在發(fā)生損失的情況下，某些第三者可能已同意或有義務(wù)賠償其損失，保險財產(chǎn)的所有人對其財產(chǎn)的全部價值有保險利益。但是，如無救助的可能，保險單可以按保險人無救助利益的條件簽訂。 (2) 特別是以下各項屬于海上冒險： （a）受海上危險影響的任何船舶，貨物或其他動產(chǎn)。 （2）除非保險單另有規(guī)定，原被保險人對此種再保險沒有權(quán)利或利益。 第18條 被保險人的告知（Disclosure by assured） 18.(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the assured must disclose to the insurer, before the contract is concluded, every material circumstance which is known to the assured, and the assured is deemed to know every circumstance which, in the ordinary course of business, ought to be known by him. If the assured fails to make such disclosure, the insurer may avoid the contract. (2) Every circumstance is material, which would influence the judgment of a prudent insurer in fixing the premium, or determining whether he will take the risk. (3) In the absence of inquiry the following circumstances need not be disclosed, namely: (a) Any circumstance which diminishes the risks。 (2) The subjectmatter insured and the risk insured against。 （4） 除保險單另有規(guī)定外，就確定是否構(gòu)成推定全損而言，保險單約定的價值并非終結(jié)性的。 （2）在被保險人因重復(fù)保險而超額保險之場合： (a)除非保險單另有規(guī)定，被保險人可根據(jù)自已認為合適的順序，依次向其保險人索賠，但他所得金額不得超過本法允許的賠償限額； (b)如果被保險人憑以索賠的保險單是一份定值保險單，被保險人必須將其他保險單項下他已收取的任何數(shù)額從約定保險價值中扣除，無需考慮保險標(biāo)的的實際價值； （c）如果被保險人據(jù)以索賠的保險單是一份不定值保險單，被保險人必須將其他保險單項下他已收取的數(shù)額從全部保險價值中扣除； (d)若被保險人得到的金額超過本法所允許的賠償額，則此種超出金額即被視為由被保險人代各保險人托管，由保險人按他們之間的分?jǐn)倷?quán)利攤回。 第39條 船舶適航保證（Warranty of seaworthiness of ship） 39.(1) In a voyage policy there is an implied warranty that at the mencement of the voyage the ship shall be seaworthy for the purpose of the particular adventure insured. (2) Where the policy attaches while the ship is in port, there is also an implied warranty that she shall, at the mencement of the risk, be reasonably fit to encounter the ordinary perils of the port. (3) Where the policy relates to a voyage which is performed in different stages, during which the ship requires different kinds of or further preparation or equipment, there is an implied warranty that at the mencement of each stage the ship is seaworthy in respect of such preparation or equipment for the , purposes of that stage. (4) A ship is deemed to be seaworthy when she is reasonably fit in all respects to encounter the ordinary perils of the seas of the adventure insured. (5) In a time policy there is no implied warranty that the ship shall be seaworthy at any stage of the adventure, but where, with the private of the assured, the ship is sent to sea in an unseaworthy state, the insurer is not liable for any loss attributable to unseaworthiness.” 39（1）在航次保險單中有一項默示保證，即在為承保的特定海上冒險之目的而開始其航次當(dāng)時，船舶應(yīng)適航。 （2）除非保險單另有規(guī)定，如存在航程變更，保險人自該變更之時起，亦即，自變更決定被證明之時起，即免除責(zé)任；至于船舶發(fā)生滅失當(dāng)時可能事實上尚未偏離保險單預(yù)定的航線則無關(guān)緊要。 第37條 無默示船籍保證（No implied warranty of nationality） 37．There is no implied warranty as to the nationality of a shipper that her nationality shall not be changed during the risk. 37．關(guān)于船舶的國籍不存在默示保證，也不存在風(fēng)險期間其船籍不變的默示保證。 (c) Where the policy under which the assured claims is an unvalued policy he must give credit, as against the full insurable value, for any sum received by him under any other policy。 （2）定值保險單指載明保險標(biāo)的的約定價值的保險單。保險單可在海上保險合同成立時或以后簽發(fā)。 （4）在其他保險中，保險價值是保險單生效時被保險人處于風(fēng)險中的金額加上保險費用。 第8條 部分利益（Partial interest） 8. A partial interest of any nature is insurable. 8．任何性質(zhì)的部分利益均可承保。 (2)如果用海上保險單格式的保險單，承保建造中的船舶，或者船舶下水，或類似海上冒險的任何冒險，本法中的各項規(guī)定，只要是可適用者，均得適用之；但除本條規(guī)定者外，本法的任何規(guī)定，都不能改變或影響任何適用于本法規(guī)定的海上保險合同以外的保險合同的法律規(guī)定。 （2）一個人與海上冒險有利益關(guān)系，尤其是在他與該冒險或處在危險中的任何保險財產(chǎn)，具有任何法律上或衡平的關(guān)系，因而若保險財產(chǎn)安全或及時抵達他便能從中獲取利益；反之，如果保險財產(chǎn)滅失，損壞，或被滯留或招致有關(guān)責(zé)任，他的利益將受到損害。 但本條規(guī)定不影響因?qū)嵤┓啥l(fā)生的利益轉(zhuǎn)讓。 (5) “情況”一詞包括送給被保險人的通知和其收到的消息。譯者注） 第26條 指定標(biāo)的（Designation of subjectmatter） 26(1).The subjectmatter insured must be designated in a marine policy with reasonable certainty. (2) The nature and extent of the interest of the assured in the subjectmatter insured need not be specified in the policy. (3) Where the policy designates the subjectmatter insured in general terms ,it shall be construed to apply to the interest intended by the assured to be covered. (4) In the application of this section regard shall be had to any usage regulating the designation of the subjectmatter insured. 26（1）保險標(biāo)的必須在海上保險單中合理確定地標(biāo)明。 （2）根據(jù)本法規(guī)定，除非保險單內(nèi)容另有其他要求，本法所附第一附件內(nèi)的術(shù)語及措詞，應(yīng)按賦予該附件規(guī)定的詞意和范圍解釋。 (2) 明示保證必須包含在或?qū)戇M保險單，或包括在并入保險單的某些文件之中。 （2）通過證明延遲是由于保險人在簽訂保險合同之前已知道的情況造成的，或證明保險人已放棄該默示條件，該默示條件可以被否定。 第40條 無貨物適航的默示保證（No implied warranty that goods are seaworthy） （1）In a policy on goods or other movables there is no implied warranty that the goods or movables are seaworthy. (2) In a voyage policy on goods or other movables there is an implied warranty that at the mencement of the voyage the ship is not only seaworthy as a ship, but also that she is reasonably fit to carry the goods or other movables to the destination contemplated by the policy.” （1）在貨物或其他動產(chǎn)的保險單中，不存在該貨物或動產(chǎn)適航的默示保證。 第34條 何時可免除違反保證（When breach of warranty excused） 34.（1）Nonpliance with a warranty is excused when, by reason of a change of circumstances, the warranty ceases to be applicable to the circumstances of the contract, or when pliance with the warranty is rendered unlawful by any subsequent law. (2) Where a warranty is broken, the assured cannot avail himself of the defence that the breach has been remedied, and the warranty plied with, before loss. (3) A breach of warranty may be waived by the insurer. (1) 由于情況變化，保證不再適用于合同情況，或遵循該保證被任何后來的法律視為非法等情況下，不遵循該保證可以免責(zé)。如果是貨物，申報必須包括保險單規(guī)定條件之內(nèi)的全部貨物運輸。 （2）在保險