【正文】 in some document incorporated by reference into the policy. (3) An express warranty does not exclude an implied warranty, unless it be inconsistent therewith. 35．(1) 明示保證可以用任何形式的文字說明保證意圖。 （2）在被保險(xiǎn)人因重復(fù)保險(xiǎn)而超額保險(xiǎn)之場(chǎng)合： (a)除非保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定，被保險(xiǎn)人可根據(jù)自已認(rèn)為合適的順序，依次向其保險(xiǎn)人索賠，但他所得金額不得超過本法允許的賠償限額； (b)如果被保險(xiǎn)人憑以索賠的保險(xiǎn)單是一份定值保險(xiǎn)單，被保險(xiǎn)人必須將其他保險(xiǎn)單項(xiàng)下他已收取的任何數(shù)額從約定保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值中扣除，無需考慮保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的的實(shí)際價(jià)值； （c）如果被保險(xiǎn)人據(jù)以索賠的保險(xiǎn)單是一份不定值保險(xiǎn)單，被保險(xiǎn)人必須將其他保險(xiǎn)單項(xiàng)下他已收取的數(shù)額從全部保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值中扣除； (d)若被保險(xiǎn)人得到的金額超過本法所允許的賠償額，則此種超出金額即被視為由被保險(xiǎn)人代各保險(xiǎn)人托管，由保險(xiǎn)人按他們之間的分?jǐn)倷?quán)利攤回。 第30條 保險(xiǎn)單術(shù)語(yǔ)的解釋（Construction of terms in policy） 30.(1) A policy may be in the form in the First Schedule to this Act. (2) Subject to the provisions of this Act, and unless the context of the policy otherwise requites, the terms and expressions mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act shall be construed as having the scope and meaning in that Schedule assigned to them. 30,(1) 保險(xiǎn)單可按本法所附第一附件的式樣簽訂。 （4） 除保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定外，就確定是否構(gòu)成推定全損而言，保險(xiǎn)單約定的價(jià)值并非終結(jié)性的。 （2）（該款已廢除。 (2) The subjectmatter insured and the risk insured against。 (4) 在每一案件中，未告知的任何特別情況是否重要，屬事實(shí)問題。 第18條 被保險(xiǎn)人的告知（Disclosure by assured） 18.(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the assured must disclose to the insurer, before the contract is concluded, every material circumstance which is known to the assured, and the assured is deemed to know every circumstance which, in the ordinary course of business, ought to be known by him. If the assured fails to make such disclosure, the insurer may avoid the contract. (2) Every circumstance is material, which would influence the judgment of a prudent insurer in fixing the premium, or determining whether he will take the risk. (3) In the absence of inquiry the following circumstances need not be disclosed, namely: (a) Any circumstance which diminishes the risks。 第15條 利益轉(zhuǎn)讓（Assignment of interest） 15．Where the assured assigns or otherwise parts with his interest in the subjectmatter insured, he does not thereby transfer to the assignee his rights under the contract of insurance, unless there be an express or implied agreement with the assignee to that effect. But the provisions of this section do not affect a transmission of interest by operation of law. 15．被保險(xiǎn)人若轉(zhuǎn)讓或以其他方式放棄其保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的利益，他并不因此將其保險(xiǎn)合同下的權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓給受讓人，除非與受讓人訂有轉(zhuǎn)讓保險(xiǎn)權(quán)益的明示或默示協(xié)議。 （2）除非保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定，原被保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)此種再保險(xiǎn)沒有權(quán)利或利益。 第5條 保險(xiǎn)利益的定義（Insurable interest defined） 5.（1）Subject to the provisions of this Act, every person has an insurable interest who is interested in a marine adventure. （2） In particular, a person is interested in a marine adventure where he stands in any legal or equitable relation to the adventure or to any insurable property at risk therein, in consequence of which he may benefit by the safety or due arrival of insurable property, or may be prejudiced by its loss, or by damage thereto, or by the detention thereof, or may incur liability in respect thereof. （1）根據(jù)本法各條規(guī)定，與海上冒險(xiǎn)有利益關(guān)系的每一個(gè)人具有保險(xiǎn)利益。 (2) 特別是以下各項(xiàng)屬于海上冒險(xiǎn)： （a）受海上危險(xiǎn)影響的任何船舶，貨物或其他動(dòng)產(chǎn)。 第3條 海上冒險(xiǎn)與海上危險(xiǎn)的定義（Marine adventure and maritime perils defined ） 3.(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, every lawful marine adventure may be the subject of a contract of marine insurance. (2) In particular there is a marine adventure where (a) Any ship, goods or other movables are exposed to maritime perils. Such property is in the Act referred to as “insurable property.” (b) The earning or acquisition of any freight, passage money, mission, profit or other pecuniary benefit, or the security for any advances, loans or disbursements, is endangered by the exposure of insurance property to maritime perils. (c) Any liability to a third party may be incurred by the owner of, or other person interested in or responsible for, insurable property, by reason of maritime perils. 3(1) 受本法規(guī)定的制約，每一合法的海上冒險(xiǎn)得為海上保險(xiǎn)合同的標(biāo)的。但是，如無救助的可能，保險(xiǎn)單可以按保險(xiǎn)人無救助利益的條件簽訂。 第9條 再保險(xiǎn)（Reinsurance） 9(1) The insurer under a contract of marine insurance has an insurable interest in his risk, and may reinsure in respect of it. (2) Unless the policy otherwise provides, the original assured has no right or interest in respect of such reinsurance. 9．（1）海上保險(xiǎn)合同中的保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)其承保的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有保險(xiǎn)利益，并可將有關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)再保險(xiǎn)。 （3）盡管在發(fā)生損失的情況下，某些第三者可能已同意或有義務(wù)賠償其損失，保險(xiǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有人對(duì)其財(cái)產(chǎn)的全部?jī)r(jià)值有保險(xiǎn)利益。 告知和陳述（Disclosure and Representation） 第17條 保險(xiǎn)是最大誠(chéng)信（Insurance is uberrimae fidei） 17．A contract of marine insurance is a contract based upon the utmost good faith and, if the utmost good faith be not observed by either party, the contract may be avoided by the other party. 17．海上保險(xiǎn)合同是建立在最大誠(chéng)信基礎(chǔ)上的合同，如果任何一方不遵守最大誠(chéng)信，他方可以撤消該合同。 (3) 對(duì)下列情況如果保險(xiǎn)人未問及，被保險(xiǎn)人無需告知： (a) 減少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的任何情況； (b) 保險(xiǎn)人知道或被認(rèn)為應(yīng)該知道的情況；保險(xiǎn)人應(yīng)該知曉眾所周知的事情，以及他在通常業(yè)務(wù)中應(yīng)該知曉的一般情況； (c) 保險(xiǎn)人不要求被保險(xiǎn)人告知的情況； (d) 由于明文或默示的保證條款，被保險(xiǎn)人無需告知的事項(xiàng)。 第23條 保險(xiǎn)單必須載明的事項(xiàng)（What policy must specify） 23. A marine policy must specify (1) The name of the assured, or of some person who effects the insurance on his behalf。同一保險(xiǎn)單可以同時(shí)承保航次和定期保險(xiǎn)的合同。 （3）除本法條款另有規(guī)定外，若不存在欺騙，不論損失是全損或部分損失，保險(xiǎn)單確定的價(jià)值即為保險(xiǎn)人與被保險(xiǎn)人之間意圖對(duì)標(biāo)的物投保的確定保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值。 （4）除非保險(xiǎn)單另有規(guī)定，在收到損失通知或抵達(dá)之前未申報(bào)價(jià)值的情況下，對(duì)該申報(bào)的標(biāo)的物，保險(xiǎn)單應(yīng)視為不定值保險(xiǎn)單。 (d) Where the assured receives any sum in excess of the indemnity allowed by this Act, he is deemed to hold such sum in trust for the insurers according to their right of contribution among themselves. 32．（1）當(dāng)被保險(xiǎn)人或其代表，就同一冒險(xiǎn)和利益或其中的一部分訂立了兩份以上的保險(xiǎn)單，且保險(xiǎn)金額超過本法所允許的賠償限額時(shí)，被保險(xiǎn)人即被視為因重復(fù)保險(xiǎn)而超額保險(xiǎn)。 (3) 保險(xiǎn)人可以放棄保證的違反。 第38條 完好安全保證（Warranty of good safety） 38. Where the subjectmatter insured is warranted “well” or “in good safety” on a particular day, it is sufficient if it be safe at any time during that day. 38．在被保險(xiǎn)人保證保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的在某一特定日期內(nèi)保持“良好”或“完好安全”之情況下，只要保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的在該日期的任何時(shí)候處于安全狀態(tài)便已足夠。 第41條 合法保證（Warranty of legality） There is an implied warranty that the adventure insured is a lawful one, and that, so far as the assured can control the matter, the adventure shall be carried out in a lawful manner. 有一項(xiàng)承保的海上冒險(xiǎn)是合法的默示保證，且就被保險(xiǎn)人所能控制的問題而言，該海上冒險(xiǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)以合法的方式進(jìn)行。 第46條 繞航（Deviation） 46. (1) Where a ship, without lawful excuse, deviates from the voyage c