【正文】
如: very cheap and I want to take them.(褲子很便宜,我想買)a lot of 后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,跟不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。錢數(shù)作為整體、價(jià)格講時(shí),不論其值是多少都是不可數(shù)名詞,要用how much 提問。所以應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。[誤]This is one of the EnglishChinese dictionary.[正]This is one of the EnglishChinese dictionaries.11 [析]one of意為―……之一‖,of后面的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這是他們共同的家。 policeman, a policewoman。但也有例外,如:a goods train(貨車),sports meeting (運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì))。這樣的集合名詞有:family class, team等。 (二) 正誤辨析[誤]Please give me a paper.[正]Please give me a piece of paper.[析]不要認(rèn)為可以數(shù)的名詞就是可數(shù)名詞,這種原因是對(duì)英語(yǔ)中可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的概念與中文中的能數(shù)與不能數(shù)相混淆了,所以造成了這樣的錯(cuò)誤,因paper在英語(yǔ)中是屬于物質(zhì)名詞一類,是不可數(shù)名詞。2.雙重所有格的形式可為:‖名詞+of+名詞的所有格‖,其中of后面的生物的所有格之后的名詞被省略。Two cups of tea,please. (可數(shù),但是CUP可數(shù),不是茶可數(shù).)請(qǐng)來(lái)兩杯茶。(5) 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西,glasses(眼鏡) trousers (長(zhǎng)褲) clothes(衣服)6. 另外還有一些名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思goods (貨物) waters (水域) fishes (各種魚)定語(yǔ)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) (1) 用復(fù)數(shù)作定語(yǔ)。5) 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西,如:glasses (眼鏡) trousers, clothes若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對(duì),雙)。lt。c. the United States,the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成詞,故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans;Bowman是姓,其復(fù)數(shù)是the Bowmans。4.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)主語(yǔ)We selected him our monitor.我們選他為我們的班長(zhǎng)。(例如:teacher 老師tea 茶 reform 改革) 普通名詞又可進(jìn)一步分為四類1.(Individual Nouns):表示單個(gè)的人和事物。5. 以o結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式一般要加es,但如果o前面是元音字母或外來(lái)詞,縮寫詞以o結(jié)尾的則只加s,如:tomato—tomatoes,hero—heroes。1 目錄名詞????????????????????????????????????3 冠詞????????????????????????????????????16 數(shù)詞????????????????????????????????????20 代詞???????????????????????????????????“26 形容詞,副詞??????????????????????????????44 介詞,連詞???????????????????????????????53 動(dòng)詞????????????????????????????????????56 (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,連系動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞八大時(shí)態(tài),動(dòng)詞辨析,動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)等) 賓語(yǔ)從句?????????????????????????????????95 狀語(yǔ)從句?????????????????????????????????97 定語(yǔ)從句?????????????????????????????????100 主謂一致?????????????????????????????????101 反意疑問句???????????????????????????????104 倒裝句??????????????????????????????????108 情景交際????????????????????????????????110 中考短語(yǔ)專題??????????????????????????????129 英語(yǔ)滿分必背100組同義詞?????????????????????137 歷年中考作文與范文??????????????????????????????145 2 初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)名詞種類專有名詞London, John, the Communist Party of China普 通 名 詞 類名詞 nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table集體名詞 class, family, army, police, team, people物質(zhì)名詞 water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand抽象名詞 happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest功用主語(yǔ) My family is now in New York.表語(yǔ) His father is a scientist.賓語(yǔ) We love our great motherland.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) He made London the base for his work.定語(yǔ) The girls are making paper flowesrs.狀語(yǔ) The car cost him 1000 dollars.同位語(yǔ) Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will e here.名詞在使用中的難點(diǎn)在于名詞的數(shù),即可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。photo—photos,radio—radios,piano—pianos6. 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式要將f或fe變?yōu)関再加es,如:knife—knives, leaf—leaves, 但有些例外的詞如roof的復(fù)數(shù)形式是roofs。(car 汽車 room 房間 fan 風(fēng)扇photo 照片)2.(Collective Nouns): 表示一群人或一些事物的名稱。5.介詞賓語(yǔ)Mary lives with her parents.和她的父母親住在一起。2)單復(fù)同形 如:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japaneseli,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin但除人民幣元、角、分外,美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。The United Nations was organized in 1945. 聯(lián)合國(guó)是1945年組建起來(lái)的。amp。 suit(套)。 students readingroom 學(xué)生閱覽室 a tenmile walk (十里路) talks table 談判桌 twohundred trees(兩百棵樹) the foreign languages department 外語(yǔ)系 a fiveyear plan. (一個(gè)五年計(jì)劃) twodozen eggs (兩打/(二十四個(gè)雞蛋) ) a sevenyearold child (一個(gè)七歲的孩子) 英語(yǔ)中有些名詞總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。 2. 抽象名詞有時(shí)也可數(shù)。也可為―名詞+of+所有代名詞‖3.雙重所有格多由a,an,this,that,these,those,any,some,each,every,many,more,most,either,neither,no,much,another,several,enough,such,one,two等、指示形容詞、不定形容詞、數(shù)量詞或疑問形容詞which+名詞+of+名詞的所有格或所有代名詞構(gòu)成。而不可數(shù)名詞要表達(dá)數(shù)量時(shí),要用與之相關(guān)的量詞來(lái)表達(dá),如:two pieces of paper.[誤]Please give me two letter papers.[正]Please give me two pieces of letter paper.[析]paper作為紙講是不可數(shù)名詞,而作為報(bào)紙、考卷、文章講時(shí)則是可數(shù)名詞,如:Each student should write a paper on what he has learnt.[誤]My glasses is broken.[正]My glasses are broken.[誤]I want to buy two shoes.[正]I want to buy two pairs of shoes.[析]英語(yǔ)中g(shù)lasses—眼鏡,shoes—鞋,trousers—褲子等由兩部分組成的名詞一般要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。[誤]Don’t eat too much meats.[正]Don’t eat too much meat.[誤]Food in that restaurant is very good.[正]The food in that restaurant is very good.[析]物質(zhì)名詞是不可數(shù)名詞,在使用中不可以加s,即它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。[誤]My mother bought two fishes for supper this morning.[正]My mother bought two fish for supper this morning.[析]英語(yǔ)中有些名詞單復(fù)同形,如:fish, deer, sheep, Chinese (中國(guó)人), means (方法)。[誤]Where is my shoe?[正]Where are my shoes?[析]常常只用作復(fù)數(shù)形式的詞有trouser