【正文】 駝峰Departure yard 通過……，穿過……To provide for 從……方面來(lái)說；根據(jù)……Sectional /180。 階梯單元列車Augment /?ɡ180。 構(gòu)成，組成Destine /180。 ……服從（to）；向（to）……提出……to be supposed to 編組場(chǎng)to set……to further increase)分詞短語(yǔ)：Applying…… 在句中作主語(yǔ)。st230。ks? l,180。tek/ ，著手，從事static /180。 統(tǒng)計(jì)工作Uptodate lɡ? ?ri240。 隨時(shí)向……報(bào)告To submit toz?v/ a Utilization /?jutilai180。 Traffic density an alphabetical display for the train dispatcher to keep a dialog with the puter。230。s?kt?, ?t?r/ ；地段，區(qū)域；方面Feeder /180。230。kɑn?tr230。kt/ n. 承包；契約，合同Contract system 承包制，大包干Administration /230。l? ?ket/ ，撥給Fund /fΛnd/ ，資金Tax /t230。fid?/ ；加料漏斗 2. East railways to be upgradedRailway lines in East China will be improved with an investment of 7 billion yuan (about $ billion), the overseas edition of People180。v? ri?, 180。 a printer for an automated record keeping of the operation。 運(yùn)輸密度Reinforce /?riin180。ze?? n/ ，遵守To lay down 向……提出……；把……提請(qǐng)……批準(zhǔn)Echelon /180。? m/ ，最新式的Console /k? n180。st230。230。n?? l/ adj. 實(shí)際的，重大的likewise /180。謂語(yǔ)部分made it possible ,it是形式賓語(yǔ)，possible是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ) to take into account the length of ……rather than of ……做made的賓語(yǔ)。 使……進(jìn)一步增加to lie with…… ……，應(yīng)當(dāng)Superintendent/?sju:p? rin180。d?stin/m?nt/ s?k?? n? l/ 規(guī)定；為……提供保證第五講4. Main directions in intensifying classification operationsIntensifying production by carrying out managerial and technical measures as by modernizing the enterprises under modem circumstances has bee the general of the national economy. The requirement for intensifying production of also related to a full extent to the development of classification yards. The basic ways of intensifying the operation of classification yards are as follows.The capacity of the various classifying facilities have to be enhanced ,including the humps ,and other yard facilities (departure yards , switching areas etc) Studies show that the bigger the classifying system , for instance , the humping facility the smaller are the expenditures per wagon in terms of needed handling capacities ,which have a direct impact on the construction of the yards and on the operation of its various facilities . Increasing the productivity of the classifying system by 1% results in cutting down the expenditures involved in handling each wagon by %. This means that when working out projects of classification yards one should incorporate the possibility of changes with regard to enchanting the wagon handling capacities of the various facilities.The efforts geared at intensifying yard operations are facilitated by utilizing puters ensuring executive technological functions .With regard to classification yards these technological functions are related to humping trains. Presently automated systems have been developed and introduced which ensure an automatic control of the speed of breadingup trains, an automatics control of the humping speed and remote control of the shunting lootives, Yet it is necessary to mechanize and /or automate other operations too, for instance, the disconnection of wagons, which would substantially increase the overall effect of automated humping techniques.It is likewise important to raise the speed of the shunting operations in all yards , to increase the scope of parallel shunting operations .to reduce the intervals between the various shunting operations . In order to attain this objective is it necessary, while introducing new technical facilities at the yard, to analyse periodically the technology presently used .Based on a time study measures are to be taken geared at eliminating speed restriction of the various yard operations, which are not duly justified, at cutting down the intervals between the subsequent operations.An important reserve in enhancing the throughput capacities of over loaded classification yards lies in using the method of simultaneous , or shall we say, of parallel humping of two trains over one hump, This method is characterized by the following specific features.in case a simultaneous humping of several trains is carried out ,the hump tracks are operated as an in dependant classifying facility sending the cuts both to the right and the left group of tracks of the classifying yard。 出發(fā)場(chǎng)Switching area 充分地，最大程度地Hump /hΛmp/ 直達(dá)運(yùn)輸To pass through ……的負(fù)擔(dān)（痛苦）In terms of 預(yù)先，提前Staggered unit train To make up……mit/ 貨場(chǎng)，貨物作業(yè)地點(diǎn)classification yardsp?nd? t??/ n. 交出，費(fèi)用Note Applying puter techniques in handling traffic made it possible to take into account the length of each individual wagon rather than of the types of wagons which was mon practive before.(運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)來(lái)管理運(yùn)輸，使我們可以按照每一輛貨車的實(shí)際長(zhǎng)度來(lái)計(jì)算列車總長(zhǎng)，而不是像以前那樣按列車類型進(jìn)行近似計(jì)算。kɑm? ?det/ . 供應(yīng)，供給substantial s? b180。230。h?nsiv/ ，綜合的 prehensive measures 綜合措施undertake /?Λnd?180。 人機(jī)對(duì)話方式Accounting activcity230。 To keep informed on 鐵路業(yè)務(wù)；鐵路部門Observe /? b180。?? n? ?laiz/maili?/ a graphical display to keep the planned schedule。loket/ 3. Rail capacity doublesEac