外文翻譯---合同中締約過失責(zé)任的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展-免費閱讀
【正文】 締約過失不僅僅適用于締約階段也可以適用于合同被確認為無效和被撤銷的情況而且在要約人違反其發(fā)出的有效要約而應(yīng)承擔(dān)締約責(zé)任的情況下也適用締約過失責(zé)任；二是耶林認為締約過失責(zé)任的請求權(quán)基礎(chǔ)仍在于契約責(zé)任，未能指出契約責(zé)任與締約責(zé)任的嚴格區(qū)別，現(xiàn)代法學(xué)普遍認為締約責(zé)任是一種獨立的責(zé)任，與契約責(zé)任和侵權(quán)責(zé)任有嚴格的區(qū)別?！睹绹y(tǒng)一商法典》也確認了誠信義務(wù)，認為誠信是指事實上的 忠實， 對于商人來說是指遵循正當(dāng)交易的合理的商業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！断ＥD民法典》第 197條規(guī)定： 從事締結(jié)契約磋商行為之際，當(dāng)事人應(yīng)負有遵循依誠實信用及交易慣例所要求的行為義務(wù)。自耶林提出締約過失理論的學(xué)說后，得到了世界各國民法理論界的關(guān)注，隨后便進行了較廣泛、深入而系統(tǒng)的研究，而且也逐漸被一些國家的立法或?qū)徟袑嵺`予以采納。耶林 1861年在其主編的《耶林學(xué)說年報》第四卷上發(fā)表了《締約上過失 契約無效與未成立時之損害賠償》一文。如果合同關(guān)系尚不存在或未成立，就無所謂責(zé)任可言。 otherwise the lease deal will be out, and out of protection. The parties created a contractual obligation, if such an effect because of legal obstacles to be excluded when the obligation will be to produce damages. There will be a socalled contract is invalid persons, refers only to fulfill effect does not occur, non that he did not have any effect. In a brief, the parties make the contracts meaningless because of their own reasons do not contract who believed its contractual right for the effective establishment of the relative should pay for the damage. [1] This is the Garling ?s Contracting negligence theory, it is known as the Law on the findings. Since the Jelling theory put forward the theory of contracting negligence, it is seriously concerned by the world. And then it carried out more extensive and indepth and systematic research and it also increasingly by some countries, legislation or judicial practice to accept them. In the “German Civil Code times, the scholars begin to discuss it on the question of fault on the parties. Most of the drafters believes that contracting negligence theory of liability is not easy to accept and prescribed by a general principle, only in exceptional circumstances should be recognized. So, in 1900 the German Civil Code, the drafters of the treaty on the fault is not fully accepted the theory, only in the wrong to withdraw (122), the right agent (179), from the outset the objective can not (307), etc. is limited adopted within the framework of this view, but the contracting negligence theory in the German judicial practice and doctrine have been developed rapidly and gradually formed a fine, large, plex and wide scope of application, the establishment of a generalized principle. In Japan, the jurisprudence has also acknowledged the responsibility of contracting negligence theory. In Japan39。締約過失責(zé)任制度是由德國法學(xué)家耶林提出并被譽為法學(xué)上的重要發(fā)現(xiàn) ,對各國的立法和判例法都產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。 此時若
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