【正文】 低噪聲設備、推廣使用自動化、封閉化施工工藝，降低機械噪聲。施工機械設備應建立按時保養(yǎng)、保修、檢驗制度。出工地的車輛必須沖洗車輪。1施工現(xiàn)場的攪拌機械要封閉作業(yè)，并設置噴淋防塵裝置。1鋼筋機械設備等使用機油潤滑的設備應在下方設置沙盤，以防止因漏油而污染土壤?！爸行摹鄙羁陶J識到企業(yè)的困難，積極與國家發(fā)改委、科技部、環(huán)保部、國標委等交流溝通，反映企業(yè)的現(xiàn)實問題，爭取政府部門的支持；與國際知名技術(shù)提供方建立合作，引進或出口相關(guān)需求技術(shù)；建立了國內(nèi)節(jié)能減排專家數(shù)據(jù)庫，并且有多名業(yè)界專家加入到“中心”專家委員會，為節(jié)能減排工作提供知識支撐；“中心”還與環(huán)境保護部環(huán)境保護對外合作中心、中國環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)會、中國環(huán)境科學學會、中國化工節(jié)能技術(shù)協(xié)會等機構(gòu)建立戰(zhàn)略合作，是國家重點環(huán)境保護實用技術(shù)石油和化工領域的兩個推薦單位之一，并且開辟多種融資途徑，集政府、融資、技術(shù)、企業(yè)等多種渠道優(yōu)勢于一身，推動國內(nèi)石油和化工企業(yè)的節(jié)能和減排工作。關(guān)鍵詞 建筑設計；節(jié)能；措施在發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟的道路上，建筑的節(jié)能和低碳注定成為繞不開的話題。樓宇建筑是能源消耗的主要領域。對于我市的住宅小區(qū)，由于空調(diào)的啟停與人的活動密切相關(guān)，這點與北方有很大的差別，所以空調(diào)設備不是住宅節(jié)能的主要問題。許多建筑設計大面積的窗戶，而開啟部分的面積卻很小。所以，小區(qū)的規(guī)劃和建筑自然通風的設計，是與室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境和人們的健康有密切的關(guān)系，也是建筑節(jié)能設計的重要環(huán)節(jié)，而這一環(huán)節(jié)在我市的許多小區(qū)設計中或單體設計中被嚴重疏忽的地方。2）建筑外遮陽不合理。這并不符合設計的經(jīng)濟原則和節(jié)能原則。同時，設計人員對新型的太陽能設施、設備的性能指標及各類參數(shù)不了解、不熟悉，自然在設計時也就不會采用此類節(jié)能設備。建筑外遮陽的設置與太陽的位置、建筑物的朝向都有著密切的關(guān)系。隨著社會經(jīng)濟水平的不斷提高，建筑遮陽技術(shù)已越來越趨向智能化、自動化、高效化。目前較為先進的雙層玻璃幕墻系統(tǒng)中，為了利于熱空氣的上升，其兩層玻璃幕墻間的空氣夾層往往是一個可連續(xù)的整體，即垂直方向上的間隔均為通透的金屬構(gòu)件，確保熱空氣能上升并帶走熱量。實踐證明，由于設置了遮陽板，室內(nèi)風速會減弱22%~47%。而對于垂直遮陽來說，由于風向是經(jīng)常變化的，所以固定的垂直遮陽板應順應所在地夏季的主導風來設置相應的角度，而更好的方法是采用可調(diào)節(jié)的垂直遮陽板，使建筑最大限度地適應氣候的變化。本文專門把它們選出來進行探討，正是為了集思廣益，共同探討建筑節(jié)能設計的新方法，在今后的設計中多研究、多嘗試、多積累、多總結(jié)，在有限的條件下將建筑功能與藝術(shù)和技術(shù)更好地結(jié)合，使建筑設計的各個方面都能體現(xiàn)節(jié)能的原則，努力創(chuàng)造低成本、高效率的節(jié)能建筑。In the development of low carbon economy, energy saving and low carbon destined to be not open around the carbon building has gradually bee the mainstream trend of international construction China39。s building power consumption accounted for 10% of the total consumption, energy costs over $80000000000, energy consumption of unit building area than the world39。s many small design or monomer design are serious negligence the same time, many of the buildings in the design stage, the architect on the necessary of building energysaving design, layout, orientation, shape, spacing, travel arrangement and wall, roof, floor, doors and windows and other enclosure structure, material selection, thermal indicators have according to national standard requirements were , in building heating design, design personnel in accordance with the building energy saving design calculated heat(cold)index to determine heating(air conditioning)the amount of equipment, and did not even consider building has the energy saving measures of as in the past, still according to non energy saving building design, or are considered, but not according to the design calculation results of execution, but to be excessive insurance results of such socalled energysaving building is put into use, different from ordinary building on energy consumption does not save or save slightly, but the effect is not quite apparent, that is often said that energy saving building energy energysaving technology, the construction industry on the sun outside the building are more and more exterior shading can effectively prevent part of solar light irradiation to the periphery of building structure, especially to prevent solar radiation through the window directly into the chamber, thereby effectively reducing the indoor temperature, to achieve the end goal of the actual design, designers often in order to achieve the shape effect and deliberately increase on the facade decoration board structure, these ponents as not from the sun into consideration, so the form effect is greater than the actual is not consistent with the design of the economy principle and the energy saving )the use of solar energy city has abundant light, heat in our architectural design, make full use of solar energy in the nature of light and heat resources are provided free of charge design concept has not yet been fully into the minds of the designers, even if there are some design considerations of solar energy, is also extremely simple and the same time, the design of novel solar energy facilities, equipment performance and various parameters do not understand, not familiar with the nature in the design, it would not have used such energysaving designer must optimize the position and orientation of architectural design In the project design, architects need to building orientation, shape, direction optimization, in order to make full use of natural wind, sun and other natural resources to create the the same time, from programme design to the preliminary design, engineers need to constantly adjust the design simulation of building energy consumption calculation of quantification, airconditioning and equipment installed power, ratio of various influencing factors, in strict accordance with the results of the design calculations, finally provides the best energy saving elevation of the building design should be bined with the design and building external solar shading 1)to clear all kinds of external sunshading exterior shading settings and the position of the sun, building orientation are closely window shade, practice has proved that: the horizontal sunshade capable of shielding angle is larger, from the top of incident sunlight, applicable to the south win