【正文】 起讀讀。學(xué)生描紅、仿寫。②重點(diǎn)：詞義的選擇及引申，對原文理解的深度和語言的準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)。然后針對各成分，采用不同的譯法翻譯出來。total exhaustion 筋疲力盡 farsightedness遠(yuǎn)見卓識careful consideration深思熟慮perfect harmony水乳交融 feed on fancies畫餅充饑with great eagerness如饑似渴lack of perseverance三天打魚，兩天曬網(wǎng) wait with great anxiety望穿秋水 make a little contribution 添磚加瓦on the verge of destruction危在旦夕從上面的例子不難看出，英語表達(dá)往往比較抽象，漢語表達(dá)則比較具體。在沒有完整理解英語句子的情況下，就直接做了―字字對等‖的翻譯，或者，在讀完之后，并沒有理解句子，就馬上在自己積累的詞匯中找與看到的英語詞對應(yīng)的漢語來表達(dá)。③既要忠實(shí)原文，又要符合漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣根據(jù)漢語習(xí)慣，通過適當(dāng)調(diào)整英語單詞的意義順序。例如：Researchers have established that when people are mentally, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive(認(rèn)知的)areas such as attention and ：研究人員已證實(shí)，當(dāng)人們動腦筋時，頭腦里會產(chǎn)生生化變化。從原文角度來說，這種活用是詞義和用法的引申，翻譯的時候要準(zhǔn)確理解這種引申，譯者就需要進(jìn)行推理。She had a sure grasp of the 。再例真的不掉線嗎？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？：In the 1880s the United States was a land sharply divided between the immensely wealthy and the very “l(fā)and”根據(jù)上下文可以翻譯為“國家”。 and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might die 。 they are placed too near a house, the radiation from the heat of the house prevents the leaves from cooling and so prevents dew from forming, and the plant the southern United States and in 如果它們靠房子太近，來自房間的熱量輻射會妨礙樹葉的冷卻，這樣露珠就不會形成。 the country, concerns about limited budgets for public schools sometimes lead to objections to investing in green ，對公立學(xué)校有限的預(yù)算的擔(dān)心有時會讓人們反對投資“綠色學(xué)?！?。 education fails to teach students the skills of problem – solving, critical thinking and effective munication, which they need to succeed in the 21 st century傳統(tǒng)教育未能教給學(xué)生解決問題、批判性思維和有效交流的技能，這些是他們在二十一世紀(jì)要取得成功所必需的。 , if a generation of geic monsters(轉(zhuǎn)基因怪物)were created , it would show that the whole point of sport has been ，如果一代轉(zhuǎn)基因怪物被造出來，那將表明體育運(yùn)動徹底失去了意義。 is keeping in the face of disappointment and looking at defeat not as an end but as a new ，不是把失敗看作結(jié)束而是嶄新的開始。s Liberation Army(PLA), together with Yang Liwei, Nie Haisheng and Zhai ，與楊利偉、聶海勝、翟志剛一起從1500名優(yōu)秀的飛行員中勝出，成為了人民解放軍宇航員。 you think about it, it is almost impossible to brush away dirty things that hide your white teeth, with a brush that has worn out bristles(毛).假如你思考一下，就會意識到使用刷毛損壞的牙刷，清除隱藏在潔白牙齒后的污垢幾乎是不可能的。on for ’s go tomorrow shopping coffee really nice!I’d like a like ’t will get back home ？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？ D./ you staying in Shanghai? soon long often far there for you to understand? difficult anything difficult something mother always forgot the door, but she remembered it shen she left lock。to lock artist can finish a horse in five draw drawing always much money on the CDs of the famous about to the cinema tonight? go go about Super Voice ’s join talking talk visitors there last to in at 29.—How does Tom get to school? —He a me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every their parents for food and at on on at 32.—Do you know those dictionary it is? —It Li Lei’ name is on be be be be people sandwiches for number of。have you for me find my little cat help has to tell else else something anything earn money because I don’t have enough money to finish my to had a piic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have one this other ’m busy my help am really busy my study these days, so I can’t go to see ？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？ ’d love to to your house to play with about over on twin brother is twenty minutes than are a lot of trees on sides of the are am I am as old as old as older older as me finish the housework at he says from what he different same city is and beautiful and more beautiful beautiful and more beautiful and much beautiful to the lights when you leave your on off up down ’m hungry, can you give me ? slice of bread slices of bread breads slices of breads , you have made so progress in ! my name the lise!。on have to do this evening.第四篇：義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教材科學(xué)五年級上冊（推薦）義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教材科學(xué)五年級上冊 第一單元生物與環(huán)境的第八課維護(hù)生態(tài)平衡 學(xué)校：阿旺中心小學(xué) 授課教師：王欣艷教學(xué)反思1．學(xué)科教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)名稱:小學(xué)科學(xué)五年級下冊第一單元 生物與環(huán)境的第八課 維護(hù)生態(tài)平衡2．所在班級情況，學(xué)生特點(diǎn)分析： 隨著年齡的不斷增長，以及科學(xué)探究的不斷深入，學(xué)生對森林、花園、草地、池塘等環(huán)境越來越熟悉，對環(huán)境方面的科學(xué)研究也會越來越感興趣。本單元要求引領(lǐng)學(xué)生經(jīng)歷一些有目的的調(diào)查考察活動，在活動的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行科學(xué)推理，進(jìn)一步體驗(yàn)生物與環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系，認(rèn)識生物與生物之間是相互依存、相互作用和相互制約的，特別是認(rèn)識到一種動物或植物可能就是另一種動物或植物生存所依賴的條件，從而在學(xué)生的心目中建立起初步的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的概念，形成“生物與生物之間是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的一個整體”的認(rèn)識。4．教學(xué)目標(biāo)：能夠應(yīng)用分析推理等思維形式，認(rèn)識草原上的鷹、兔、草的生態(tài)平衡關(guān)系。（2）、幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識到自然界的生態(tài)平衡系統(tǒng)是一個和諧的整體，其中任何一個環(huán)節(jié)受到破壞，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)都可能失去平衡。本次教學(xué)我自己覺得還有許多不足的地方，一是在教學(xué)中學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)氣氛不是太活躍，從客觀方面來講是由于學(xué)生是第一次上這樣的課。,激發(fā)學(xué)生類似體驗(yàn),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生熱愛自然、親近自然的美好情感。青松迎客,寒梅報(bào)春。請同學(xué)們一起讀課題。(2誰能把自己讀得最流暢的一段讀給大家聽? 師隨機(jī)糾正,重點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥。(3再讀讀畫線的話,體會體會,作者是懷著怎樣的心情對古橋訴說的?你是從哪兒感受到的?(4交流感受。抄寫生字詞語 第二課時聽寫詞語,復(fù)習(xí)引入(1聽寫詞語