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6 sigma 導(dǎo)言-預(yù)覽頁

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【正文】                                如果我們了解很多有關(guān)控制 X’s, 我們可以精確地預(yù)測 Y’s? If we don’t know much about our X’s, then we have to resort to Inspection and Test (Non ValueAdded Operations)              如果我們不是很了解我們的 X’s, 那么我們必須采取檢驗及測試(無增值操作)By knowing and controlling the critical X’s, we can reduce the variability in Y                               按了解并控制關(guān)鍵的 X’s, 我們可以降低 Y可變性We can then eliminate or reduce test, rework / recycle, and cost                于是我們可以消除或減少測試,返工 /再循環(huán),及成本 OffSpec = (Viscosity, supplier lot, ambient temperature, formulation, pressure, kettle temp, agitation speed, impeller design, etc.)粘度,供應(yīng)商Lot, 周圍溫度,公式,壓力,壺溫,攪動速度,葉輪設(shè)計等How do we Improve Capability ?        我們怎樣改進性能?23Breakthrough methodology          突迫方法24A Simple Approach              簡單方法The right projects   正確的項目正確的項目 +The right people   正確的人選正確的人選 +The right roadmap and tools   正確的路標與工具正確的路標與工具+The right support    正確的維持正確的維持 = The right results   正確的結(jié)果正確的結(jié)果25Prioritized Project List  項目單列為優(yōu)先Not bothYesQuick Hits快速點擊Something is  某此事情? Broken?壞掉? Missing?缺少? Undefined?不確定? Untrained?未經(jīng)培訓(xùn)Other Initiatives  其它? Initiative driven   主動驅(qū)動? Techniques all known            全面了解技朮? Minor engineering        較小工程? Culture or rules  changes         培養(yǎng)或規(guī)則變更不簡單Six Sigma Projects6 Sigma項目? Complex relationships   ?復(fù)雜關(guān)系? Processfocused ?過程 關(guān)注 ? Reduce variation ?降低差異? Eliminate defects?消除缺陷? Requires analysis?要求分析Not easy not clear         不簡易& 不清晰Is solution clear and easy?       解決方法是滯清晰簡易Six Sigma Projects              6 Sigma項目26Overall Approach                綜合法Practical Problem實際問題Statistical Problem 統(tǒng)計問題Statistical Solution 統(tǒng)計解決方案Practical Solution 實際解決方案27Approach to Problem Solving         解決問題的方法途徑Practical Problem實際問題Statistical Problem統(tǒng)計問題How can we improve control of the X’s so that the number of Complaints (Y) are reduced by 75%?         我們怎樣改善控制 X’s,因此報怨率會降低 75%?實例28Approach to Problem Solving  解決問題的方法途徑Practical Problem 實際問題Statistical Problem統(tǒng)計問題Statistical Solution統(tǒng)計解決方案What are the X‘s?什么是 X‘s?What is the optimal setting and tolerable range for each key x?             每個關(guān)鍵的 X的最佳設(shè)置及公差范圍是什么?29Approach to Problem Solving          解決問題的方法途徑Practical Problem 實際問題Statistical Problem統(tǒng)計問題Statistical Solution統(tǒng)計解決方案Practical Solution 實際解決方案Change target settings and allowable ranges for key process input variables (KPIV’s) and implement SPC to control them                      變更關(guān)鍵工序輸入的目標設(shè)置并容許范圍以及執(zhí)行SPC來控制他們30First Level analysis  – ‘The Hidden Factory’           一級分析    ‘The Hidden Factory’31Defects and the Hidden FactoryProcess owners may even be feeling pretty good!Yield After Inspection or Test 檢驗或測試后的產(chǎn)量From a ‘1000 meter height’ this process looks pretty good. First quality yield (to the Customer’s specification) is over 90%              從一個 “1000公尺的高度 ”此程序看起來非常不錯。 Identify, quantify and eliminate sources of variation                       差異的識別,量化及消除根源187。 other methods MSA Process Map      程序線路 ? CTQs? COPQ est.Identify:識別? process inputs進程輸入? process outputs進程輸出Link KPIV KPOV          連接 KPIV& KPOV? prioritize inputs to attack優(yōu)化輸入 Is Measurement good enough to detect process variation?(see improvement!)                      測量是否能夠很好的探測工序偏差?(詳見改善?。〥efine theSituation   詳細說明情況Generates/Determines產(chǎn)生 /決定Create withTeam   創(chuàng)辦with team . . .Root CausesStrong LinksCheck Gauges Data CollectionDevices ProceduresDefineRolled Throughput YieldDetermine:決定opportunities forimprovement 改進的機會Defect Rateper StepSix Sigma RoadMap 1 Define Measure 6 Sigma 路標 1定義&測量 Measure43Hypothesis for Variables Means變量假設(shè)   方法(ttests)Generates/Determines產(chǎn)生 /決定Variables Data可變數(shù)據(jù)Hypotheses forAttributes屬性假設(shè)(Contingency Tables, Nonparametric study)Proportion Defects 比例缺陷Proportion Defectives比例檢測Answers:Differences in % Def.Between pop.。to baseline。 More Risk but, requires less experimentation與以上相同 但,較少的信息 ﹔ 較多的風(fēng)險 但,要求較小的實驗Tests Multiple Variables But Not All。Gauges, Forms Data CollectionMethods 量規(guī),形式&收集資料方法Outlines:概要 :Checking, Maintenance,Care Periodic Review of Data Collection Devices Methods  檢驗,維護,仔細&周期性查閱收集設(shè)備&方法的數(shù)據(jù)Gauge/MeasurementStability ControlOutlines:概要:How Employees “Do” Procedures Standard Consistent, Opportunity for Understanding Verification of Understanding職員怎樣做的程序 標準&一致,了解&理解檢驗的機會Realtime ProcessResults。 SystemBackUps。 Periodic reviews with BBs定期查閱The Right projects項目187。 Capacity產(chǎn)量? Rigorously tracked and reviewedThe Right people人員187。 PlanTrainApplyReview format 計劃 培訓(xùn) 應(yīng)用 查閱的形式51Black Belts lead improvement efforts on projects identified by Champions                      由支持者識別的項目 Black Belts領(lǐng)導(dǎo)改善的成果t Manage 4 to 6 mediumlarge scale critical projects per year with a minimum 2 year ssignment mitment             每年控制 4到 6中等大少比例的關(guān)鍵項目與至少 2年的委托事項t Systematically execute for each project 系統(tǒng)的執(zhí)行每個項目的 t Ensure appropriate conclusions are drawn and correct actions implemented 確保適當?shù)慕Y(jié)論執(zhí)行改善方案 t Some Black Belts are selected to perform Green Belt training                由 Black Belts所選擇的一些事項進行 Green Belt培訓(xùn)Six Sigma System Black Belts52Green Belts are the professional, salaried employees, including managers, who are not Champions or Black Belts. They have key roles in deploying Six Sigma.                              Green Belts 是職業(yè)人員,有薪水的職員,包括經(jīng)理,不是支持者或 Black Belts。 If we don’t know much about it, we cannot control it                      如果我們對此了解的不多的話,我們就不能夠?qū)ζ溥M行控制222。 CTQ必必須在任一個 “持續(xù)的范圍 ”方式或描述的方式內(nèi)可測量
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