【正文】 nd the stock quantity is not so much variety and some spare parts , but of great value , but spares many varieties but value is not high , due to limited corporate human resources and funding , therefore, spare parts inventory for all varieties are given relative degree of attention and ask management is unrealistic. In order to make a limited time , money , manpower, material and other corporate resources can be used more effectively respond to classify inventory of spare parts , spare parts inventory that is based on different degrees of importance , respectively, different management , which is the basic idea of ??the ABC classification .3A spare parts management model The idea is to consider the subject highlights the lack of spare parts may be adversely affected due to the production and safety , and to reduce the risk as much as possible , on this basis , which takes into account the size of the level of spare parts inventory control , first consider the spare key itself ( damage to the consequences : impact on production , equipment, safety and environmental impact , etc.) 。 spare set effectively 。s overall business efficiency indicators services. Spare reserve funds for the purchase and storage of corporate spare parts, spare parts management and the general term used to fund related work. Starting from the procurement of spare parts payments to transit, warehousing inspection, storage, purchase spare parts for freight until the recipients of this process occurred library, storage fees belong to spare reserve funds. Even including all levels of the warehouse, the establishment of special warehouse operating costs and maintain the safety of inventory related costs can be broken down intoEarly investment cost of reservesSpare parts inventory management costs.Spare parts management innovation and social operationSpare parts procurement model innovation : Many panies mention of spare parts management , spare parts inventory management is the guiding ideology , this is a misunderstanding , this approach should not only promote , but also lead to serious consequences of downtime , in actual practice , you can be part of the pressure is transferred to spare parts inventory of spare parts suppliers , that is, for a considerable part of the spare parts can be taken only keep the physical , clearing the way for later checkout to reduce the flow of funds used . Before spare parts on board, because there is no inventory of funds used , can also be regarded as a formal zero inventory . At the same time you can spare to establish a puter network information systems. Asset information system as a device (EAM) and puteraided maintenance management system (CMMS) is an all points, the introduction of spare parts and spare parts management plans barcode automatically generated processes, improve the efficiency of the management of spare parts , reduce management costs.Spare parts for pipe socialized bySpare parts marketFactory spare partsIndustry spare partsSocial overhaul sparesManagementSpare no inventory management modelJoint inventory management model (JMI)Vendor managed inventory model (VMI) Spare parts inventory virtual shared modeSpare parts in the form of a virtual network.Spare Parts Management Information SystemMany enterprises in spare parts management, especially when the puter management of spare parts , spare parts manuals and ledger by preparing to regulate and monitor all aspects of the spare parts management, and achieved good results, preparation of manuals and spare parts supply spare parts manuals through the establishment of ine accounting, inventory accounting, the library ledger and fixed ledger , ledger plans , contracts and other six ledger accounting, management information as a spare part basis measures to ensure the effective use of funds and spare parts spares data effective management and monitoring.The above several aspects, only for the spare parts management briefly list, also need to spare parts management and straighten out the idea, enhance learning, improve the management of.二、譯文對于企業(yè)而言，備件管理問題一直是一個令人感到非常頭病的問題。國內(nèi)一些大型企業(yè)有時候報(bào)廢的備件規(guī)模，就多達(dá)上億元，帶來了巨大的資源和資金浪費(fèi)！企業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的步伐在不斷加快，也要求備件管理水平不斷提升，而備件管理本身，涉及到的環(huán)節(jié)和部門非常多，管理者需要考慮備件的技術(shù)管理、計(jì)劃管理、庫存管理和經(jīng)濟(jì)管理四大領(lǐng)域的內(nèi)容。對于很多企業(yè)而言，備件管理一直是一個令人頭疼的問題，由于企業(yè)設(shè)備類型、設(shè)備擁有量、使用條件、地區(qū)協(xié)作和供應(yīng)能力能力以及修理能力的不一致，導(dǎo)致企業(yè)所要確定的備件儲備品種、儲備數(shù)也據(jù)不盡相同，很多企業(yè)備件工作—抓就死，一放就亂，總是處于控制備件庫存規(guī)模和降低維修風(fēng)險的兩難境地。(2)加強(qiáng)備件計(jì)劃及質(zhì)量管理，提高計(jì)劃命中率，保證備件按按需到位。(4)備件的消耗與庫存形式：二、備件技術(shù)管理備件的技術(shù)管理，也稱為備件的定額管理，主要包括編制、積累備件管理的基礎(chǔ)資料，據(jù)此掌握備件的需求，預(yù)測備件的消耗定額，確定合理的備件儲備定額和儲備形式,為備件的生產(chǎn)、采購、庫存提供科學(xué)合理的依據(jù)。由于大多數(shù)備件均是按照92等強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)而不是按照等壽命設(shè)計(jì)，即其工作壽命是不同的，因而報(bào)廢、更換就有先后之分，消耗快慢也不同。應(yīng)用ABC管理法，可以解決備件管理工作繁雜浩大而人員相對較少的矛盾，能起到事半功倍的效果，不但能更好地保證供應(yīng)生產(chǎn)維修需求，而且還可顯著減少儲備，加速資金周轉(zhuǎn)。備件的3A管理模型：主旨思想是凸現(xiàn)考慮備件缺失可能對生產(chǎn)和安全造成的不利影響，并盡可能的降低這一風(fēng)險，在此基礎(chǔ)上，在兼顧備件庫存規(guī)模水平控制，一是考慮備件本身的關(guān)鍵性（損壞后果：對生產(chǎn)的影響，對設(shè)備、安全與環(huán)境影響等）；二是考慮備件的易損壞性（負(fù)荷、位置、作用等）。同時，為防止不合格的備件進(jìn)廠，杜絕因備件質(zhì)量問題造成檢修延時或生產(chǎn)不能正常進(jìn)行，備件計(jì)劃管理也有著重要意義。在備件計(jì)劃管理的各工作節(jié)點(diǎn)中，部門職責(zé)一般涉及到設(shè)備部、采購部（物資中心）和二級使用單位。多數(shù)大型企業(yè)都設(shè)有專門的物料采購中心等部門。它是一項(xiàng)繁雜而又細(xì)致的工作，也是備件管理的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容。這類備件通常具有互換性。七、備件倉庫6S和可視化管理倉儲管理的主要目的是確保在被需要時能夠及時提供滿足設(shè)備維修所需質(zhì)量要求的備件，現(xiàn)代倉儲管理也要求在保持倉庫整潔有序的同時，不斷追求備件管理的高效率，因此，6S和可視化管理，都應(yīng)該也能夠很好的在備件倉儲管理中發(fā)揮作用。其中，有60%以上的行動是從視覺的感知開始，通過視覺的提示而進(jìn)行的。備件資金管理加強(qiáng)資金管理是運(yùn)用價值形式，通過記賬、算賬、報(bào)賬，用賬等手段，核算和分析流通過程中財(cái)務(wù)收支的各項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動，它反應(yīng)監(jiān)督經(jīng)濟(jì)過程及其成果，為企業(yè)備件流通服務(wù)，為企業(yè)總體業(yè)務(wù)效益指標(biāo)服務(wù)。九、備件管理創(chuàng)新和社會化運(yùn)作備件采購模式創(chuàng)新：很多企業(yè)一談起備件管理，指導(dǎo)思想就是備件零庫存管理，這是一個誤區(qū)，這種做法非但不應(yīng)提倡，還會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)的停機(jī)后果，在實(shí)際做法中，可以將部分備件庫存壓力轉(zhuǎn)移給備件供應(yīng)商，即對于相當(dāng)一部分備件，可以采取只存實(shí)物，用后結(jié)賬的結(jié)算方式來減少流動資金占用。管理模式：備件“無庫存”管理模式；聯(lián)合庫存管理模式（JMI）；供應(yīng)商管理庫存模式（VMI）；備件庫存虛擬共享模式；網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛擬備件庫形