【正文】 t innovation at different stages of adoption. Nicole Vowles,Peter Thirkell,and Ashish Sinha study which factors best explain business to business adoption of a radical,hightech innovation early in the diffusion process. Early lifecycle data provide insights about the differences in determinants of adoption at different times in the product diffusion process. The results indicate that differences do exist among the determinants of early adoption, intent to adopt later, and unawareness of the other words, trade in services has close connections with traditional trade and investment, and expansion of trade in services also promotes further trade and investment in goods. Moreover, promotion of trade in services increases the efficiency of production and productivity. Therefore, we can say that the expansion of trade in services leads to economic growth.. 4. A brief history of the UK ceramics industry Ceramics are defined as nonmetallic inorganic materials and the word ceramics derives from the Greek Karamos, which roughly translates as fired earth. The famous potters Josiah Wedgwood, Thomas Minton and Josiah Spode founded potteries in Staffordshire, in the UK, in the 18th century in the towns that were to amalgamate and bee known as StokeonTrent. This region was most suitable for pottery production due to its abundance of local clay and coal for kilns. These resources aided the initial growth of the UK pottery industry along with the Trent and Mersey Canal in 1777. 2. The role of innovation and new technology It can be argued that the UK ceramics industry has witnessed two technological innovation and new technology revolutions. When the first potters started production of ceramics in StokeonTrent they, effectively, turned what was a craft into an industry. This initial production of traditional ceramic goods (., tableware, tile, brick and sanitaryware sectors) brought with it the main innovating problem of obtaining output continuity。s major strength in aiding and facilitating innovation amongst members of the industry, is its ability to facilitate funding and management of collaborative research, development and technology transfer projects. There is, however, evidence of attempts to improve this business awareness in the industry. The development of various industrial thinktanks and strategic direction groups, for example, the Manufacturing Improvement Club , and the introduction of research projects, akin to this, have highlighted a certain willingness to further cognise innovation processes. In some organisations, more accepting and inquisitive business attitudes are also displayed by being enthusiastic about exploring other industries in grossly different sectors in order to apply manufacturing process technology, productive technologies and business perspectives. A recent, although slight, trend of employing managers and executives from other, more technologically advanced, industries underlines this. There is, however, evidence of attempts to improve this business awareness in the industry. The development of various industrial thinktanks and strategic direction groups, for example, the Manufacturing Improvement Club , and the introduction of research projects, akin to this, have highlighted a certain willingness to further cognise innovation processes. In some organisations, more accepting and inquisitive business attitudes are also displayed by being enthusiastic about exploring other industries in grossly different sectors in order to apply manufacturing process technology, productive technologies and business perspectives. A recent, although slight, trend of employing managers and executives from other, more technologically advanced, industries underlines this. 4. Organisation and management of innovation As past literature illustrates, the organisation and management of innovation is key to overall business success, especially since it is something that can be controlled. This is no different in the ceramics industry, where effective organisation, planning, scheduling and implementation of innovation is of great importance. One interview respondent mented that the process had to be treated as if it were a business in its own right: You can39。 External sources: (3) private projects with other organisations。隨著技術(shù)提升是企業(yè)發(fā)展的一個必要條件，市場應(yīng)發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用，再履行夢想成功的高科技產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的擴散。在某種意義上說，這次會議是非常成功的它聚集了來自世界各地和幾個國 家的學(xué)者。創(chuàng)新，擴散并通過，然后總結(jié)文件包括在這個特殊的問題。幾乎可以肯定，數(shù)量將由現(xiàn)在的 4 萬多。同時，建模創(chuàng)新擴散的預(yù)測構(gòu)成另一大流研究。以反映不同的背景和產(chǎn)品復(fù)制的獨特性，學(xué)者和擴大在所有的 TAM 模型可能的方向（例如，文卡塔斯戴維斯， 2020 年）。此外，企業(yè)需要在創(chuàng)新過程中不僅要考慮業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域，而且在廣泛的社會變革的大背景下。 第三，隨著世界變得越來越小，全球擴散問題社倉更多的關(guān)注。 第四，在創(chuàng)新和擴散研究具有挑戰(zhàn)性的問題是：關(guān)于社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)的作用。登堡，李白，與穆勒， 2020 年），實證研究的數(shù)量是微不足道的。他們不惜在新產(chǎn)品的引進和經(jīng)常越級（即跳過下一個產(chǎn)品版本）。 最后，工作經(jīng)驗上 的各種營銷聯(lián)動戰(zhàn)略和其影響將是可取的。特邀編輯認為，當(dāng)前雜志特刊商業(yè)研究回答上面所討論的問題是第一步。吳杰調(diào)查業(yè)務(wù)不對稱的角色在創(chuàng)新過程中的關(guān)系和政治關(guān)系。 Madhok 及 Osegowitsch2020 年）。各種因素可能會影響在不同階段采用的創(chuàng)新。結(jié)果表明，差異不存在其中早日通過，意圖通過后，決定因素不了解的創(chuàng)新。本文在英國陶瓷產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中的作用糾正這種讓失衡。韋奇伍德，托馬斯 (1). 創(chuàng)新和新技術(shù)的作用 可以說，英國陶瓷產(chǎn)業(yè)已親眼目睹了兩個技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和新技術(shù)革命。許多行 業(yè)經(jīng)過了長時間的鞏固，直到二十世紀中葉，陶瓷產(chǎn)品的制造很難再從 200 年來的生產(chǎn)發(fā)生改變。提高機械化水平成了瓷磚、衛(wèi)生潔具和餐具制品生產(chǎn)廠家的重要工作。 其獨特的地位，使他們更加了解其特定的行業(yè)或部門，這使得他們在該部門的創(chuàng)新提供理想的經(jīng)紀人機制，要求和需求。 還有就是，試圖改善這種商業(yè)意識，在同行業(yè)中的證據(jù)。 然而， 嘗試提高在同行業(yè)中經(jīng)營意識的證據(jù)。 (3). 組織和管理創(chuàng)新 如過去文獻顯示，創(chuàng)新的組織和管理是整體業(yè)務(wù)成功的關(guān)鍵，特別是因為它是可以控制的東西。正如上文所強調(diào)的，很多陶瓷企業(yè)不具備資源，不能投入新技術(shù)對產(chǎn)品進行改良和創(chuàng)新。這是因為，今天，許多政府和歐洲商業(yè)研究和技術(shù) 轉(zhuǎn)讓和資金使用需要充分的理由。組織可以引導(dǎo)和刺激創(chuàng)新過程中的個人和群體的工作積極性。 一個在陶瓷行業(yè)中經(jīng)常被引用的例子是皮爾金頓。 其結(jié)果是液態(tài)錫玻璃產(chǎn)生了。這項研究確定了兩個影響創(chuàng)新的時間段：成立到實現(xiàn) 。即使很多人會說，這是一個英國制造商通常遇到的問題，但不影響到陶瓷行業(yè)的發(fā)展，這是很正常的時間表，并非刻意被延長了。根據(jù)組織內(nèi)部集資方式和外部來源可分為五種形式的資金來源：內(nèi)部來源，（ 1）內(nèi)部的資金 。 然而，正如上面提到，有些陶瓷行業(yè)的公司不具備的財政資源，以擴大公司的生產(chǎn)。一個例子是 ETSU，最能代 表政府的實踐方案管理的使用效率。 同時在陶瓷行業(yè)中，通過 RTO 組織促進了企業(yè)間的溝通，不僅使公司內(nèi)的競爭力提升，而且還不斷增加的外國競爭力與集體競